高考英语名词语法讲解.pptx

《高考英语名词语法讲解.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语名词语法讲解.pptx（19页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、会计学1高考英语高考英语(yn y)名词语法讲解名词语法讲解第一页，共19页。A:专有名词专有名词 (Proper nouns)B:普通普通(ptng)名词名词 (Common nouns)Countable nouns (可数名词可数名词)Uncountable nouns (不可数名词不可数名词)Individual Nouns （个体(gt)名词） Collective Nouns （集体名词 ）Abstract Nouns （抽象名词 ）Material Nouns （物质名词 ）第1页/共19页第二页，共19页。（1 1）一般的词，包括元音字母加）一般的词，包括元音字母加y y结尾结

2、尾(jiwi)(jiwi)的词，直接的词，直接 在词尾加在词尾加s s（2 2）以）以-s, -x, -ch, -sh-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾结尾(jiwi)(jiwi)的词在词尾加的词在词尾加eses（3 3）以辅音字母加）以辅音字母加y y结尾结尾(jiwi)(jiwi)的词，变的词，变y y为为i i再加再加eses（4 4）以）以f f或或fefe结尾结尾(jiwi)(jiwi)的词，应变的词，应变f f或或fefe为为v v再加再加-es-es第2页/共19页第三页，共19页。2. 2. 不规则名词不规则名词(mng c)(mng c)单复数变化单复数变化: :（1）单复

3、数同形:sheep, deer, fish, means, species, species, works(工厂(gngchng), aircraft, spacecraft, Chinese, Japanese, Swiss （2）改变字母：man -men, woman -women, policeman -policemen, saleswoman -saleswomen, foot -feet, tooth -teeth, goose -geese, Mouse -Mice , abacus -abaci (或abacuses)， phenomenon -phenomena 另： pe

4、nny （pence或 pennies）（3）增加字母: child -children, ox -oxen第3页/共19页第四页，共19页。（4）以o结尾的词： 加s: photo, radio, piano, zoo, studio, bamboo, tobacco, kangroo 加es: tomato, potato, hero, Negro, dingo 另：zero （zeros或 zeroes） （5）以f或fe结尾的词: 直接加s：roof, proof, belief, chief, gulf, 变f为v再加es：life, wife, knife, half, leaf,

5、 wolf, thief 另外(ln wi)：handkerchief （handkerchiefs或handkerchieves） beef（beeves菜牛 、beefs怨言；牢骚）第4页/共19页第五页，共19页。3. 3. 名词名词(mng c)(mng c)单复数的特殊情况单复数的特殊情况: :(1) 集体(jt)名词只用作复数：police , cattle , people , poultry, the youth(2) 集体(jt)名词用作不可数名词: clothing, jewellery, furniture, luggage (baggage), machinery, w

6、ealth(3) 集体(jt)名词视具体情况而定单复数： family, class, population, staff, crew, couple, public, group, team, party, club, company, government, committee, audience, enemy(4) 只有复数形式的名词: clothes, trousers, jeans, twins, glasses, compasses, scissors, handcuffs, pincers, goods ,thanks, wishes, wages, tears, troops,

7、 forces, resources第5页/共19页第六页，共19页。(5) 以s结尾但不表示复数: mathematics, physics, politics, statistics, news, woods(森林), works(工厂)(6) 有没有s结尾意义不同： glass glasses, cloth clothes, work works, sand sands, snow snows, water waters, wood woods, goodgoods, time times(时代), paper papers(论文), green greens(青菜), custom c

8、ustoms(海关), spirit spirits(酒精,情绪), light lights(灯), experience experiences(经历), arm arms(武器(wq), iron irons(镣铐,熨斗), compass(指南针) compasses(圆规), (7) 姓氏后加s并带冠词，表一家人或夫妇俩: the Greens ；the Chengs第6页/共19页第七页，共19页。(8) (8) 合成名词的复数形式：合成名词的复数形式： 将合成名词中的主体名词变为复数：将合成名词中的主体名词变为复数： looker(s)-on, passer(s)-by, loo

9、ker(s)-on, passer(s)-by, mother(s)-in-lawmother(s)-in-law 将最后将最后(zuhu)(zuhu)一部分变为复数：一部分变为复数： grown-up(s), go-between(s) ( grown-up(s), go-between(s) (中间人中间人），）， good-for-nothing(s) ( good-for-nothing(s) (无用之人）无用之人） 含含boy, girl, ladyboy, girl, lady等的合成的名词：等的合成的名词： 它们始终为单数，其后的名词则用复数形式它们始终为单数，其后的名词则用复数

10、形式。 如：如： boy students, girl friends, boy students, girl friends, lady driverslady drivers 含含manman或或 woman woman的合成名词：的合成名词： 它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如：它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如： a man doctor, two men doctors a man doctor, two men doctors 第7页/共19页第八页，共19页。第8页/共19页第九页，共19页。第9页/共19页第十页，共19页。第10页/共19页第十一页，共19页。 一般的名词

11、，包括一般的名词，包括(boku)(boku)不以不以s s结尾的复数名词，结尾的复数名词， 在词后加在词后加ss。如：。如：the childrens bookthe childrens book 以以s s结尾的复数名词的所有格形式只在词后加结尾的复数名词的所有格形式只在词后加。 如：如：the teachers officethe teachers office 以以s s结尾的专有名词的所有格，既可加结尾的专有名词的所有格，既可加ss 也可加也可加。如：。如：EngelsEngels（s s）letterletter 两者或两者以上共有的所有格形式只在后者用两者或两者以上共有的所有格形

12、式只在后者用 所有格形式，如所有格形式，如:Tom and Mikes room:Tom and Mikes room 若表示分别拥有时，则要在每个名词后用若表示分别拥有时，则要在每个名词后用 所有格形式，如所有格形式，如:Toms and Mikes rooms:Toms and Mikes rooms 第11页/共19页第十二页，共19页。第12页/共19页第十三页，共19页。1. Masculine（阳性（阳性(yngxng)）: actor, waiter, master, 2. prince, lad, hero3. 4. 2. Feminine（阴性）（阴性）: actress,

13、waitress, mastress, 5. princess, lass, heroine6. 7. 3. Neuter（中性）（中性）: teacher, worker, monkey, 8. sheep, tree, crop9. 第13页/共19页第十四页，共19页。 功 能 例 子 主语主语Bush was elected president. 表语表语These are not goats but sheep. 宾语宾语She was reading a book.同位语同位语Mr. Smith, the manager, will host the meeting. 定语定语Yo

14、u are supposed to gather at the school gate. 补语补语Marx made London the base of revolution. 状语状语The couple walked shoulder to shoulder. 呼语呼语Be quiet, children. 连词连词The moment they saw the tower, they cheered.第14页/共19页第十五页，共19页。精选精选(jn xun)练习题练习题1.The Chinese people _. A. is a great people B. are a gre

15、at people C. are great people D. are great peoples2. Something was wrong with _car , but luckily they knew how to fix it . A. Jims and Toms B. Jim and Toms C. Jims and Tom D. Jim and Tom3.He is a friend of _. A. Kates fathers B. Kates father C.Fathers of Kate D. Kate fathers4.The news of Victories _

16、got round quickly. A. is B. are C. have been D. /第15页/共19页第十六页，共19页。5. The rich _not always happy. A. are B is C. have D. has6.Your trousers _dirty , you must _washed. A. is, it B are, it C. is , them D. are , them 7. He, including his parents, _this novel. A. like B . likes C. are like D. is like8.

17、There are three _in our class. A. Zhous B. Zhous C. Zhous D. Zhouss9.The bridge is _. A. ten-metres B. ten metre C. ten-meters D. ten metres10.Mother made a new skirt with two meters of _. A.clothes B, cloth C.dress D.cloths第16页/共19页第十七页，共19页。11.If these trousers are too big , buy a small _ A.one B.

18、 copy C. pair D. set12.He dropped the _and broke it . A. cup of coffee B. coffees cup C. cup coffee D. coffee cup13. Lets have a _break. A. ten minutes B. ten-minutes C. ten minutes D. ten minutes14._should be strict with _. A. Teachers, a student B. The teachers, students C. Teachers, students D. T

19、eachers, a student15.They played in the _for an hour, and when they returned , they found their goods _stolen. A. sand, were B. sand, was C. sands, were D. sands, was第17页/共19页第十八页，共19页。总之，名词是人、动物、事物、地方(dfng)、状态、品质或动作的名称。它可以表示具体的东西，也可表示抽象的东西。下面斜体字都是名词：1John is my friendMy children love their teachers

20、（人）2The dog is running after a rat（动物）3This school is goodBroadway is a street in New York City（地方(dfng)）4My pencil is lostThe window of this house is pretty（东西）5Poverty is a big problemEveryone seeks happiness（状态）6His bravery is well-known。I enjoy the beauty of this mountain。（品质）7His arrival was on SundayHis judgment is not correct（动作）第18页/共19页第十九页，共19页。