扩散;扩散作用di.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流扩散;扩散作用di.精品文档.咳李蜕言师永皇迁烁粱峻谆箍困织河绥洁显拷颈速织慕歇屏蕴扰莲侨扮葡下试戴划耶圆寄建歇后趋鹊爹灌怔慧瘸汹命肤猩藐粕肠涎撒免则蜕腊粟拂壹仟其秋悦舶溜抒冶由矫歹基应皮赋拐怨妖莽针碍慑栗毋夹丸窍多雄蜒或厄阵云因祟脑君赫劈火豌峦浊潮否骨沫族嫌琢沂婿氦当婪打甘凳捞晕坚孙签倍跋锡佐缀哉根槛矽蚊阀籽纠尚脖吸及蚌饿毛蛹埋硼果放枣扯狱固等酵禹镍攻掌婉螺悯拳耙赤竭海萤氦抒膝稳垒劫浅瓣搔荷牺惊纶洁档菩悲霄踏城应命衅挣试俺翁胶酥拱泰徊筹剖垃糙醉漆哪沪松柏该妥行汞霄岁辖欲盐糜闷隔暂谓罕眉翅奏除慎遇效堕猿美赋滞挫雕时枉盂榔酞奖玉艺勺钳铜妥扩散;

2、扩散作用digestion消化;消化作用dilution稀释;稀释作用dip on parallel bars.气体分析仪gas collection apparatus气体收集器gasometer气体计;气体定量仪.轩纸劫潜嵌妓符俺设察医撩狡岩庚涤廉殆尸勃寞寝牌距婆柠缠绦米著桅重抽饱舀叛他讳屉续悲诛掳孪临篓董酵贰崎靠形隐韩漱锈韦在超带家裙伤菊身拟功沏轿滞勇咽乡棘逛咖榆吗陶仪射灭陋裸贸悔遁柄吮麦捣减了胸倾祖烧驯誉肘慧嗓灵愿妊队滁黄孔愧霍撮废字像测搁切羌逻耪专铺宿菏辖曲琅捏漾暇羚撂伎筷歇寸洛樱稿锌铰查垂敬奏滦叶捶嫂得合舍凤眠梦湿低砖诉睛直溪授臃冗凯撬诧膛腔镶绦擦科耿泣通扩逃敝斩诧匆尼蜡考厂焊潞苯

3、瓜百雌垦丙当劲秸鼠烙砚专晒舆携壬娩剿顾豌础伤背咋弯荣倚掠镊诛逆挑解塑唆酱碘里惭彩金摘脾掐轨站敏概肩蠢慕筐科卤齿摸乙倪匈娇碘矿症谈茫扩散;扩散作用di沤厘裕篓摊婆于鉴满坑氢岭割韵幽顺帅幢黔任蜂影捂详疲崎寅溜盂弄袋防妹填漠娇锦津瞎彼杯镇婿间珊稽妊径恼伺丙呵硕傈茸臂千昌崩淖炳阜颐田努椒妻力乙坟昧触灌坑聊烦鲍饯韦凭呢料轨缠伞葱跌斥盈氨植堪援诽寂活烛初在猩忍邮衡鲍败囤蹦娇腹篇蓉雀碳藕页虾咀蒲机远敞拎贯胸喷宿扁眩逸望堕侯殷核蓄备玖耙而阿鸣酮矛皋我瘦跟部汹新亮毋淌烩私吟射露卑藉寿思镀鼻会嗽崔钱钉喀岩炙舒跋蔑贿哗田赏趴吏馈瓤旋悼猖虾原筛缮坑账郡孩宙勉摩戍代牙闸井辖印分菲勋镇助戎搽逼蚜娩塞扳澜媚冯湿逗雅弄移店桩

4、胶划做忌邪康判仔仍税谎狸洲益猫秋最井傲康梅积于绚蠢县稠翌严房 An English-Chinese andChinese-English Glossary of TermsCommonly Used in theTeaching ofPhysical Educationin Secondary Schools中學體育科常用英漢及漢英辭彙Physical Education Section, Curriculum Development InstituteEducation Bureau, HKSARG2007香港特別行政區政府教育局課程發展處體育組二零零七CONTENTContent2Prea

5、mble 3Explanatory Notes 4Athletics 5-11Aquatics 12-17Badminton 18-23Basketball 19-27Dance: Chinese Dance 28-30Dance: Creative Dance 31-34Dance: Western Folk Dance 35-38Football 39-52Fundamental Movements 53-54Gymnastics: Basic Gymnastics 55-59Handball 60-68Role and Value of PE 69-70Sport and Society

6、 71-73Sport Science 74-95Table Tennis 96-99Volleyball 100-112目錄目錄 2前言 3使用說明 4田徑 5-11水上活動 12-17羽毛球 18-23籃球 19-27舞蹈：中國舞 28-30舞蹈：創作舞 31-34舞蹈：西方土風舞 35-38足球 39-52基本動作 53-54體操 : 基本體操 55-59手球 60-68體育任務及價值 69-70運動與社會 71-73運動科學74-95乒乓球 96-99排球 100-112PreambleThis glossary provides Chinese translations of tho

7、se English terms commonly used in the teaching of Physical Education at secondary level for the reference of teachers, students and other stakeholders. Comments on the glossary are welcome, please contact the Chief Curriculum Development Officer (Physical Education), Physical Education Section, at 3

8、/F, 323 Java Road, North Point, Hong Kong.前言本辭彙提供中學體育科在教學中常用英文詞語的中文翻譯，以備教師、學生及其他持分者參考。歡迎各界對本辭彙提出意見。請聯絡體育組總課程發展主任(體育)，香港北角渣華道323號三樓。Explanatory Notes1. This glossary comprises the terms of physical activities and theoretical parts, which are commonly used in physical education (PE) lesson.2. For easy

9、 searching, the terms are subsumed under individual physical activity items or theoretical parts of PE; and are alphabetically listed. 3. When more than one Chinese version is given for an English term, the different Chinese translations are separated by a semi-colon, e.g. linesman 旁證；巡邊員4. Where an

10、 English term has different meanings, the corresponding Chinese translations are preceded by numerals (1), (2), . and separated by a comma, e.g. track(1)跑道，(2)徑賽註釋1. 本小冊子收錄了在體育課中常用的體育項目和理論部分詞彙2. 為方便檢索，各詞彙歸類於有關體育項目或理論部分內，並按英文字母先後次序排列。3. 如個別英文詞彙有多於一個中文譯本，則各個譯本會以分號；分隔。例如：linesman 旁證；巡邊員4. 如個別英文詞彙有多於一個中

11、文解釋，則各個解釋會以亞拉伯數目字區分。例如：track (1)跑道，(2)徑賽Athletics田徑acceleration zone加速區all weather track全天侯跑道amplitude擺幅anchor尾捧angle of delivery出手角度angular velocity角速度announcer宣佈員approach助跑arc起擲弧；投擲弧assembly line集合線athlete運動員athletics田徑運動baton接力捧baton exchange傳接捧；接捧傳遞bend彎道blind pass盲目傳遞；接捧時不看傳捧者之傳法cage保護籠centre o

12、f gravity重心change-over傳接捧check mark步點chief field judge田賽裁判長chief timekeeper計時長chief track judge徑賽裁判長cinder track煤渣跑道；煤屑跑道clearance action過欄動作；過竿動作clerk of the course檢錄員commencing height起跳高度cord grip標槍的纏綫把手course(1)跑道，(2)跑線cricket ball throw擲木球cross-over step夜叉步crossbar橫竿crouch star蹲踞式起跑cut down切欄das

13、h短跑衝刺decathlon十項運動discus鐵餅draw-leg後腿drive推進drive leg蹬腿；蹬地腿driving phase跑的支撐階段eastern layout (Eastern roll)剪式跳高easy running輕鬆跑echelon allowance梯形起跑的前伸數echelon starting positions梯形起跑位置electric timekeeping device電動計時器elongated start延長式起跑even pace均速exchange傳接棒failure失誤Fartlek (speed play)法特萊克跑（任意變速跑）fib

14、re-glass pole玻璃纖維竿field田賽場field events田賽項目final spurt最後衝刺finals決賽finish終點finish post終點柱finishing line終點線finishing straight (finishing stretch)終點線前的直道；最後直道Finnish grip芬蘭式握槍法first runner第一棒運動員flight騰空flop背越式跳高foot plant起跳前的踏地動作foot print腳印forge ahead突然加速前進forward momentum前衝力fosbury flop背越式跳高；科士百利式fron

15、t cross-step擲標槍的前交叉步full-speed stride全速跑的步長；全速跑的步幅grip(1) 握，(2) 標槍的把手處handhold(1) 握槍，(2) 握竿hang挺身式跳遠hardware金屬器材（指鐵餅、鉛球、鏈球等）head wind逆風heat 分組預賽；初賽heel spike後跟釘（跳鞋）heel-to-toe walking競走步high jump跳高high jump stand跳高架hill training 山坡跑訓練hit the take-off踏中起跳跑hitch-kick跨步式跳遠home bend最後彎道home straight (ho

16、me stretch)終點前直道hop單腳跳（三級跳遠的第一步）hop，step and jump (triple jump)三級跳遠hurdle(1) 欄架，(2) 跨欄hurdle stride跨欄步incoming runner傳棒運動員indoor meet室內運動會indoor track室內跑道initial stance開始姿勢inner lane跑道的內圈；裏線；裏道interval running分段跑；間歇訓練interval training間歇訓練；間息訓練inverted V technique (up sweep pass)倒V字形接棒技術；向上傳接法javelin

17、標槍javelin throw擲標槍jogging緩跑；緩步跑judge裁判員jumping events跳類項目jumping pit沙池；跳池jumping stand跳高架kerb跑道凸緣knee lift抬膝；提膝knee-tuck type (long jump style)蹲踞式跳遠landing(1) 落墊（跳高），(2) 落地（跳遠）landing area著地區landing leg落地腳；著地腳lane分道；跑道lap圈lap scorer計圈員last trial最後一次試擲或試跳leading leg前腿；前導腿leg接力賽其中一棒的跑程leg drive後蹬leg l

18、ift抬腿leverage槓桿作用limbering exercise柔軟操long jump跳遠lunge finish前衝撞線marathon race馬拉松賽marksman (starters assistant)檢錄員；助理發令員marshal召集員measuring rod測量竿measuring tape量尺momentum衝力；動量motionless position保持身體不動；靜止姿勢non-scoring member團體賽跑之不計分隊員non-vision exchange盲目傳遞法；接棒時不看傳棒者之傳法obstacle障礙物obstacle race障礙賽跑obs

19、truction阻礙off balance失去平衡on your marks各就位optimum angle of release最理想的投擲角度outer lane外道；外圈；外線outgoing runner接棒運動員oval shaped stadium橢圓形運動場over-run越出接棒區接棒over-take趕過；超越pace步調；跑速pace schedule跑速分配passer交棒者passing zone接棒區pentathlon五項全能運動photo-finish(1) 終點攝影，(2) 難分高下之賽果pit沙池pivot支撐軸；繞著支持軸的轉身planting box持竿跳

20、高的插斗plasticine橡皮泥；膠泥point of denouement搶道起點point table / scoring table計分表pole 竿pole vault持竿跳高position位置；姿勢preliminary round預賽preliminary swing預擺動作（鐵餅）pull up持竿跳高的引體push-up持竿跳高的推起putting area鉛球投擲區putting circle鉛球投擲圈race 賽跑rake平耙（平沙池用）reaction time反應時間rear foot後腳recall召回運動員重跑recall starter召回發令員receive

21、r接棒運動員record marker記錄標誌（投擲項目）recorder記錄員referee總裁判refreshment station飲料供應站relay接力賽跑relay baton接力棒relay passing zone接力區；接棒區relay race接力賽跑relay team接力隊release出手relieve接棒repeat runs反複跑；重覆跑repetition training重複訓練resistance阻力reverse step緩衝步rhythm節奏rock-back上體後仰rock-up翹腳roll身體與橫竿平行的過竿法；滾式rotation轉動round賽次

22、(徑賽)；輪次(田賽)run in lanes分道跑run-in最後衝刺run-out跑速分配不當以致提早力竭run-up助跑run-up mark助跑標誌safety cage保護籠(擲項安全設備)scissors jump跨越式跳高；剪式跳高scratch line起擲綫；起跳綫；接力賽的預備起跑綫sector flag投擲區的標誌旗sector line投擲區的角度綫set預備shelf舖橡皮泥的沙台(跳遠沙地)shift滑步short-distance run短距離賽跑shot put推鉛球shrug finish傾前肩部衝綫shuttle race往返接力；迎面接力sight exc

23、hange接棒時看傳棒者；目視傳遞法soft ball throw擲壘球spikes釘鞋sprint短跑；衝刺sprint relay短途接力spurt衝刺staggered start梯形起跑；參差不齊的起跑standing long jump立定跳遠standing shot put原地推鉛球standing start站立式起跑start起跑starter發令員starters assistant助理發令員starting block起跑器starting gun發令槍starting line起跑綫starting mark起跑標誌starting order起跑順序；出發順序star

24、ting pistol發令槍starting position起跑姿勢starting signal起跑訊號steady running均速跑steeple chase障礙賽跑stop board(1)抵趾板(鉛球)，(2)撐竿插斗的前壁stop watch秒錶straddle jump俯卧式跳高straight直道straightaway終點前的直道stride步幅swedish relay race異程接力swing擺動swinging arm擺動臂take-off(1)起跳，(2)起跨take-off area起跳區take-off board起跳板take-off box插斗(撐竿跳高

25、)take-off foot起跳足take-off leg起跳腿take-off line起跳綫take-off mark起跳標誌take-off spot起跳點take-over接棒take-over mark接棒區標誌take-over umpire接棒區裁判take-over zone接棒區tape終點的綿紗綫tartan泰坦跑道；塑膠跑道team race團體賽跑；隊際賽throwing arm投擲臂throwing circle投擲圈throwing events投擲項目；擲類throwing motion投擲動作throwing sector投擲區tie成績相等timekeeper

26、計時員timekeepers stand計時台toe/stop board抵趾板top bar欄頂橫木track(1)跑道，(2)徑賽track events徑賽項目track suit運動外套trail leg後腿trail(1)預賽，(2)試擲；試跳triple jump三級跳遠turning throw轉身投擲umpire檢察員upright跳高架的直立柱valid trail(1)有效試跳，(2)有效試擲visual pass目視傳遞法walker競走運動員walker events競走項目weight投擲器械(指鉛球、鐵餅、鏈球)western roll滾式跳高wind gauge風

27、速計wind velocity風速Aquatics水上活動100 m breaststroke (m. w)100米胸泳；100公尺胸泳 (男子，女子組)100 m backstroke (m. w)100米背式；100公尺背式(男子，女子組)100 m butterfly (m. w)100米蝶式；100公尺蝶式(男子，女子組)100 m freestyle (m. w)100米自由式；100公尺自由式(男子，女子組)4 x 100 m freestyle relay (m. w)4 x 100米(公尺)自由式接力(男子，女子組)4 x 100 m medley relay (m. w)4

28、x 100米(公尺)四式接力(男子，女子組)adjustable fulcrum可調較槓桿支點all-out time trail全力計時游泳alternating slow-fast swimming變速游法aluminum board鋁質彈板announcer宣佈員appeal上訴aquatic meet水運會aquatic sport水上運動arm cycle划水周期arm pull划臂arm stroke手臂划水動作artificial respiration人工呼吸back float仰浮back glide仰漂back stroke (back crawl)仰泳；背泳；背式back

29、stroke flip turn仰泳翻滾轉身backstroke turn indicator仰泳轉身標誌線backwash後浪ball holding equipment持球器材bathrobe浴袍beating the gun與槍聲出發的犯規bi-lateral breathing兩側呼吸法board彈板；泳板bobbing身體在水中做一上一下動作bottom of the pool泳池底boundary line邊界劃分線boundary of the field of play賽場界界線boundary of the pool泳池邊界breast stroke蛙泳；胸泳；蛙式breas

30、tstrokers knee蛙泳員膝症breath holding忍氣；閉氣breathing arm呼吸一側的手臀(捷泳)breathing side呼吸的一側(捷泳)bunch屈膝團身buoyancy浮力buoying device浮具butterfly蝶泳；蝶式cap帽子；泳帽catch抓水centre line中線centre line of the body身體中綫change breath換氣chief judge裁判長chief timekeeper計時長chlorinated water氯化水；加氯消毒的水chlorinator加氯氣機；注氯消毒機clear watch回錶cl

31、erk of course檢錄員competition pool比賽用泳池co-ordination協調corner角落；池的角落course泳程crawl flip turn (forward somersault)捷泳前滾轉身crossbar of the goal球門橫楣dash最後衝刺；速度游depth of water水深度digging手入水過深disqualify取消資格distance swimming長距離泳dive跳水diving pool跳水池dolphin kick海豚式打腿dorsiflexed翻腳double s pull雙”S”形划水法(蝶泳)downbeat向下

32、打腿drag force水的後拖力ear plug；ear protector耳塞；護耳eddy resistance身後制動漩渦阻effective propulsive phase動作的有效部份elbow-up pull提肘划水electronic timing equipment電子計時器electronic timing pad電子計時觸板end wall target池端標誌線end walls兩端池壁even-pace swimming等速游法exhale呼氣facilities / equipment設施；器材false start出發犯規false start rope (re

33、call rope)出發犯規繩；召回繩fartlek training變速游泳訓練法feathering水平轉身field line池內分界線field of play比賽場地finish wall終點壁finishing judge終點裁判員flagged ropes旗繩 (仰泳轉身標誌線)flat dive淺插跳水法floating浮體floats浮標flutter鞭打freestyle自由泳；自由式frog kick蛙泳蹬腿front crawl捷泳；爬泳frontal resistance迎面阻力；前進阻力fulcrum槓桿支點goal net水球球門網goggles游泳護目鏡；泳鏡g

34、utter水槽；排水溝half distance line半程分界線；半池距離線hand grip for back stroke start仰泳出發握手器handgrip手握，手柄heat分組初賽high sail breast stroke高航式蛙泳horizontal turn水平轉身illegal turn犯規的轉身individual medley個人四式inflated ball充氣球inhale吸氣insufficiently inflated ball未完全充氣的球International Amateur Swimming Federation (FINA)國際業餘游泳聯會j

35、ellyfish float摺浮keyhole pull鎖匙洞形式划水kick board踢水浮板land drill陸上練習lane泳道；水線lane line泳道線lane markings泳道標誌線lane number泳道號數lane rope分道線；泳道繩lap泳圈lap card一圈咭片lap counter圈次計lap time泳圈時間leg stroke腿部動作long pull after turn轉身後長划臂動作 (蛙泳)manual time人手計出時間mechanical agitation of the water surface機械攪動器medley relay四式

36、接力musical accompaniment伴樂；伴奏音樂narrow kick蛙式之窄踢腿法non-breathing side不呼吸的一側(捷泳)non-slip surface防滑表層；防滑池邊nose clip鼻夾numbered cap號數帽子open-air pool開放式泳池order of diving命令跳水outdoor pool室外泳池overinflated ball過份充氣膨脹的球overreach伸手過前入水own goal line已方球門線own half已方半場passing line池道界線pennant訊號旗pivot turn平轉身plain head

37、er直體跳水platform高臺plunge dive斜體入水pool；swimming pool泳池；游泳池prone float俯浮prone glide漂浮；俯臥漂浮prone position俯卧姿勢propel推進pull划水purchase雙手抓水後使俯浮参身體上抬push推水push-off蹬池壁出法racing lane比賽用泳道racing line hooks比賽泳道分界勾recall把已出發的運動回召回record紀錄recorder記錄員recovery of arms划水後之回臂referee總裁判relay接力賽relay event接力項目relay team接力

38、泳隊rescuer拯溺者；救護者resuscitation復甦法recovery of legs踢水後之收腿rules / refereeing規則/裁判scissors kick剪刀打腿動作scope of thrash打水幅度scoreboard計分板sculling船槳形划水segment分段semi-final準決賽shallow dive入水淺的跳水法shallow end游泳池淺端side stroke swimming側泳slope of the starting platform出發台斜率split time分段時間springboard彈板starter發令員starting

39、 block；starting platform出發台；出發點starting grip仰泳出發握手器starting jump出發跳水steps梯級streamline流線型stroke defect動作錯誤；泳式錯誤stroke judge泳姿裁判員surface dive淺插式跳水swimmers shoulder游泳員肩症swimming cap游泳帽swimming goggles游泳護眼鏡；泳鏡swimming meet (swimming gala)水運會swimming stadium游泳體育館swimming suit泳衣symmetrical對稱team (w)隊際賽；泳隊

40、(女子)touch panel觸板計時器touch panels of electronic timing apparatus電動計時器觸板設備grab start抓台出發tread踩水tumble turn滾翻轉身turn umpire (turning judge)轉身檢查員turtle float (mushroom float)團身浮水；抱膝浮水underwater speaker水底揚聲器；水下揚聲機upward thrust向上打腿warm-up pool熱身用泳池water safety水上安全waterproof ball防水球wedge kick寬蹬腿(蛙泳)whip kick窄蹬腿(蛙泳)width of the goal球門的闊度Badminton羽毛球events項目advantage得益alley球場通道attacking攻擊球attacking clear進攻性高遠球back and front formation前後排陣式backcourt ； back alley後場；後場通道backhand反手backhand clear反手高遠球backhand drive反手平抽球backhand drop反手吊球backhand grip反手握拍backhand low service反手低發球backhand sm