国际工程fidic条款公路施工 550章 结构混凝土要求,中英.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流国际工程fidic条款公路施工 550章 结构混凝土要求,中英.精品文档.DIVISION 550STRUCTURES第 550章构件SECTION 551STRUCTURAL CONCRETE第551章结构混凝土551.1 - DESCRIPTION:说明：This work consists of furnishing and placing Portland Cement Concrete for structures, and incidental construction, in line with these specificat

2、ions and in reasonably close conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions as shown on the Drawings or established by the Engineer.本工程内容包括依照技术规范以及尽可能按施工图纸所示或工程师所制定的线型、等级和尺寸为各种结构及临时结构供应和浇注硅酸盐水泥混凝土。Classes of concrete shall be used as indicated below unless noted otherwise on the Drawings:除图纸另有注明之外

3、，否则应按以下形式指明混凝土分类等级：TABLE 551.1. A表551.1 ATABLE OF MIXES混凝土拌合料表Class等级Max. Agg. Size最大骨料尺寸Min Cement Content最低水泥含量Max Free Water Cement Ratio最大“游离水-水泥”比例7 day N/mm27天时混凝土强度（N/mm2）28 day N/mm228天时混凝土强度(N/mm2)45/2020mm400kg0.425334535/2020mm330kg0.525253530/2020mm310kg0.550203025/2020mm275kg0.600162520

4、/2020mm265kg0.625132015/2020mm250kg0.6501015Class 45/20 Precast pre-stressed beams等级45/20 预制预应力横梁Class 35/20 Insitu deck slab, cross beams and diaphragms等级35/20 现浇桥面板（上承板）、横梁和横隔板Class 30/20 Substructure work, piles, retaining walls, culverts, underpasses and NJ guard rails等级30/20 下部结构工程、桩、挡水墙、地下管路、地

5、下通道和NJ 护栏Class 25/20 Miscellaneous reinforced drainage structures等级25/20各种钢筋加固排水结构Class 20/20 Street lighting pole and control box bases and un-reinforced drainage structures等级20/20 路灯柱和电力控制箱基座、以及无钢筋加固的排水结构Class 15/20 Blinding layer等级15/20 基础垫层If the Contractor so elects, the Engineer may permit the

6、 use of a higher class concrete than the particular class designated for the work, in which event the higher class concrete shall meet the Specifications applicable without additional compensation.如承包商自愿选择比工程规定之混凝土等级更高的混凝土，工程师可批准其使用。在此情况下，这一较高等级的混凝土必须符合相关技术规范的要求而不应因此导致额外费用。When called for on the Dra

7、wings, an admixture of water-reducing retarded shall be added to all concrete so specified. A retarder may be used in other concrete at the Contractors option.如工程图纸作出要求，则应当为所有混凝土添加减水缓凝剂。承包商可选择对其他混凝土使用缓凝剂。A water-reducing admixture may be used at the Contractors option. A water-reducing admixture may

8、 not be used in conjunction with a water-reducing retarder. The work will be accepted in accordance with these Specifications. 承包商可以使用减水缓凝剂。减水剂不得与减水缓凝剂一同使用。工程将依照技术规范进行验收。551.2 - MATERIALS:材料：Materials shall meet the requirements specified in the following Sub-Sections of Division 700:材料必须符合第700章以下各小

9、节要求：MATERIAL材料 SECTION OR SUBSECTION技术规范所属节或小节*Portland Cement*硅酸盐水泥 701.1, 701.3*Fine Aggregate* 细骨料 702.1 Coarse Aggregate粗骨料 703 Air-Entraining Admixtures加气剂 707.1 Water-Reducing, Retarding Admixtures减水缓凝剂707.2 Water Reducer减水剂 707.3*Pozzolanic Additives* 增硬剂 707.4 Curing Materials养护材料 707.6 - 70

10、7.10 Epoxy Resin Protective Coating环氧树脂防护涂层 707.11 Boiled Linseed Oil熟亚麻仁油 711.2 Petroleum Spirits (Mineral Spirits)石油精（矿物油精）711.5 Water水715.7 *It is normally intended that the product of only one mill or of any one brand or type of Portland cement be used on any one structure.* 一般情况下，任何一种建筑物上只能使用一个

11、厂家、或品牌或型号的硅酸盐水泥。*Only siliceous sand shall be used as fine aggregate in bridge deck wearing surfaces. The use of sea sand is not permitted in any concrete.* 在桥面板的磨损面上只能使用硅质砂来作为细骨料。不得在任何混凝土上使用海砂。*The use of Pozzolanic additives will not be permitted when blended hydraulic cement is used. Unless other

12、wise permitted by the Engineer, only one source of a Pozzolanic additive shall be used in any one structure.*使用混合水凝水泥的情况下不得使用增硬剂。除非工程师批准，否则在任何建筑物上只能使用一种增硬剂。Shipping and Storage of Cement: Cement shall be shipped from pre-tested and approved bins at the mill or distribution terminals. Cement stored b

13、y the Contractor for a period longer than 90 days shall be retested before being used in the work. Cement failing to meet any of the specified requirements at any time prior to incorporation into the work will be rejected and shall be removed from the work. Cements of different brands, types, or fro

14、m different mills shall be stored separately.水泥装运和存放：水泥应当在水泥厂或销售点使用预先检验过和经批准的容器装运。承包商处储存超过90天的水泥必须在工程应用前重新检验。在工程使用前任何时间内未能满足任何指定要求的水泥必须报废，并从工程中撤出。不同品牌、型号或不同厂家的水泥必须分别存放。Shipping and Storage of Pozzolanic Additives: Pozzolanic additives shall be shipped from only those sources approved by the Engineer

15、. Bulk Pozzolanic additives shall be stored at the job site in weatherproof bins. Pozzolanic additives from different sources or from different areas at the same source shall be stored separately.增硬剂装运和存放：增硬剂必须从工程师认可的供应商处购得。散装的增硬剂必须在作业场的防风雨容器内存放。来自不同供应商（或同一供应商不同销售区域）的增硬剂必须分别存放。CONSTRUCTION METHODS施工

16、方法551.3 - PROPORTIONING:配合比: 551.3.1 - Mix Design Requirements:配合比设计要求：Prior to the start of construction, the Contractor shall design and submit to the Engineer for approval the proportion of materials, including admixtures, to be used which will result in a workable concrete having the applicable

17、properties enumerated below, including those of Table 551.1.1A. A mix design prepared in accordance with ASTM C 192, ACI 214, shall be required for each class of concrete to be used in the work. The mix design shall be accompanied by a statement giving the source of materials and certified test data

18、 from an Engineer approved laboratory demonstrating the adequacy of the mix design. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer of any change in the source of materials or the addition of admixtures during the progress of the work, since such change may necessitate a new mix design. The Contractor shal

19、l also state the A value of the fine aggregate and the A value of the combined grading of the coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and cement used in the mix design.在动工前，承包商应当为制造具备下述（包括表551.1.1A所述）相关特性的塑性混凝土而对施工采用的材料比例（包括添加剂）进行设计，并向工程师提交以备审批。承包商必须按ASTM C 192, ACI 214规定为工程中使用的每个等级的混凝土编制配合比设计。配合比设计必须带有一项

20、声明，给出材料来源和一份来自工程师所认可之实验室的认证检验数据，以便证明配合比设计的合适性。承包商必须就施工过程中材料来源发生的任何变化或添加剂添加事项通知工程师，这是由于任何此类变化均会导致必须进行新的配合比设计。承包商还必须在其配合比设计中声明细骨料的A值和混合粗骨料、细骨料和水泥的混合骨料级配A值。 551.3.2 - Field Tolerances and Adjustments:实地公差和调整：551.3.2.1 - Consistency:稠度：Concrete shall have the consistency, which will allow proper placeme

21、nt and consolidation in the required position. Every attempt shall be made to obtain a uniform consistency. The optimum consistency for various types of highway structures shall be as indicated in Table 551.3.2.混凝土必须具有合适的稠度以便能在规定位置上正确浇注和固结。必须采取所有必要措施来确保均匀的混凝土稠度。各类公路建筑物的最佳混凝土稠度必须按表551.3.2所示。TABLE 551

22、.3.2表 551.3.2CONSISTENCY混凝土稠度TYPE CONSISTENCY各类型混凝土的稠度OPTIMUM CONSISTENCY (mm of slump)最佳稠度（以mm坍落度为计量单位）i. For structures which have exposed, inclined surfaces such as concrete gutters, cast in place concrete slope protection, etc., requiring low slump Concrete to allow proper placement and consolid

23、ation and the maintenance of the prescribed geometry; those structures which are placed by slip form construction methods where a low slump is required to maintain the prescribed geometry; and mass non reinforced concrete.对于具有裸露和倾斜表面的（如混凝土排水沟、现浇混凝护坡等），且要求使用低坍落度混凝土以便正确浇注、固结以及维持规定几何形状的建筑物；使用滑模施工方法建造并要

24、求使用低坍落度混凝土来维持规定几何形状的建筑物；以及大块的无钢筋混凝土。25 mmii. For reinforced concrete structures which are sufficiently massive and generally have sufficient clearances to allow the access of workers into the immediate area of concrete placement, such as bridge piers, column and abutment footings; piers, large colum

25、ns, and other similar type structures into which workers may enter to place and consolidate the concrete.对于大规模且通常具有充足空间可供工人进入混凝土浇注邻近区的钢筋混凝土建筑物（如桥墩、桥梁柱和桥台基础；基墩、大型桥梁柱等等可供工人进入以便对混凝土进行浇注和固化的建筑物）。50 mmiii a) For reinforced concrete structures which are not easily accessible for spading and vibrating and

26、offer a fair degree of difficulty in the placement and consolidation of the concrete, such as pier caps and abutments, beams and girders, box culverts, miscellaneous structure footings and other slab type structures, wall or vertical sections 200mm or greater in width with one line of reinforcement

27、or 300mm or greater in width with two lines of reinforcement. b) For bridge decks with a mix design having water content between 15 and 19 litres per bag of cement.c) For bridge decks with a mix design having maximum water content of 15 litres per bag of cement.a）对于那些不容易使工人进入进行铲平和振捣的，并且对混凝土浇注和固化造成一定

28、难度的钢筋混凝土建筑物（如墩帽、桥墩、横梁和大梁、箱形涵洞、各种建筑物基础及其他板型结构、200mm或以上宽度并带有一条加固筋的墙或垂直截面、300mm或以上宽度并带有两条加固筋的墙或垂直截面）；b）对于配合比中水含量为每袋水泥1519升的桥面板。c）对于配合比中最大水含量为每袋水泥15升的桥面板。75 mm62 mm125 mmiv. For structures, which are inaccessible to workers and generally, offer a considerable degree of difficulty in the placement and co

29、nsolidation of the concrete, such as long slender columns and thin-walled 3 1/2 sections less than 200mm thickness.对于工人无法进入并且通常对混凝土浇注和固结造成很大难度的建筑物（如细长型桥梁柱和厚度小于200mm的薄壁型3 1/2桥梁节）87 mmv. For structures which present peculiar conditions under which concreting must be done, such as structural steel enca

30、sement; other special structures which contain small openings through which the concrete must pass; tremie concrete which must be placed and consolidated into all spaces without mechanical disturbances; and other special structures which would require high consistency concrete for proper placement a

31、nd consolidation对于具有罕见的混凝土施工工况的建筑物（如结构钢包埋）；含有小型混凝土浇注口的其他特殊建筑物；必须在所有空间内浇注和固结并且不可造成机械干扰的导管（浇注）混凝土；以及其他要求高稠度混凝土（以实现正确浇注和固结）的特殊建筑物。*If the consistency exceeds the target value plus 25mm, the Contractor shall take immediate steps to reduce the slump of succeeding loads by making necessary adjustments in

32、the mixture. The Contractor will be allowed a reasonable time for the trucks already on the road for a central mix or truck mix operation. Failure to comply will be cause for rejection of the concrete. If the consistency exceeds the target value plus 445mm, the concrete will be rejected.* 如混凝土稠度超过目标

33、值25mm以上，则承包商必须通过对混合料进行必要调节从而采取及时措施降低后继浇注层的坍落度。承包商有合理时间安排在行驶中卡车上进行混凝土集中拌合或使用混凝土搅拌车。如承包商未能遵守规定将导致拒收混凝土。如混凝土稠度超过目标值445mm，则混凝土将被拒收。* The optimum consistency shall be that consistency which will allow a proper placement and consolidation of the concrete into all spaces.* 最佳稠度应当是能确保将混凝土在所有空间内正确浇注和固结的稠度。55

34、1.3.2.2 - Air Content:空气含量：The value of the entrained air at the point of placement shall be 3% to 5%. If the entrained air does not conform to this range, the Contractor shall take immediate steps to adjust the air content of succeeding loads by making necessary adjustments in the mixture. The air

35、content shall be measured on loads already batched and enrooted, as well as the first load to which any adjustments were made in batching procedures. If the air content exceeds the target value plus 3.0 percentage points the concrete-shall be rejected. When the concrete is delivered in a truck mixer

36、 and the air content is less than the target value minus 2.5 percentage points the concrete shall be rejected, or the Contractor may use additional air entraining agent in an amount that is intended to achieve the target value specified. The addition is permitted under the following conditions:浇注点的携

37、入空气的含量值必须为3%到5%。如携入空气不符合这一范围，则承包商必须通过对混合料进行必要调整以便立即采取措施调节后继浇筑层的空气含量。空气含量必须在已配合的和固定的混凝土，以及在配料程序中调整后的第一批混凝土上测量。如空气含量超过目标值3.0%以上，则混凝土将被拒收。当混凝土以混凝土搅拌车交付且其空气含量低于目标值2.5%时，混凝土将被拒收，或者承包商可使用合适分量的加气剂来获得指定的目标值。只有以下情形才可使用加气剂：i. The air-entraining agent is the same as used in the approved mix design and is thoro

38、ughly mixed with a minimum of 7.57 litres of water. The solution will be directed to the front of the mixer. 所添加的加气剂与经批准的配料设计中所使用的相同，并且使用最少7.57升的水量拌匀。 从搅拌器前面添加加气剂的水溶液。ii. The mixer is turned a min. of 30 revolutions, at mixing speed, or the number of revolutions established in tests to comply with u

39、niformity requirements, whichever is more.搅拌器最低搅拌速度为30转，或测得转速符合搅拌均匀度要求（以较高者为准）。iii. Immediately after mixing, the air content and slump shall be measured by a certified inspector or technician.由检查员或技术员在搅拌后立即测定空气含量和坍落度。An air adjustment may be attempted twice per truck. If after the second addition t

40、he specified air content is not achieved, the concrete shall be rejected. These procedures do not alter the limits placed on time to discharge, the total revolutions of the mixing drum, or the specified slump.可对每辆搅拌车进行两次空气调节。如在第二次添加加气剂后仍未获得指定含量，则混凝土将被拒收。上述程序并不改变卸料时间限制，搅拌筒总转速限制或指定坍落度限制。551.3.2.3 - Yi

41、eld:混凝土产量：The approved mix design shall be subject to modification under the conditions prescribed.经批准的配料设计可按规定条件进行修改。After the start of the first concreting operation and immediately after the specified consistency and entrained air have been established, three unit weight determinations shall be m

42、ade from different batches and the average of the three determinations shall be considered the unit weight of the concrete. The actual yield shall be determined from the average unit weight. The design mix shall be adjusted as required to correct the actual yield to correspond to the theoretical.在开始

43、首次混凝土浇注后以及在获得规定稠度和夹带空气含量后，必须立即利用不同的配料测定三个单位重量，并取该三个数值的平均值作为混凝土单位重量。必须使用平均单位重量来测定混凝土实际产量。必须按需调整配料设计来修正实际产出以便符合理论产出。During the progress of the work, the actual yield may be verified; and, if the yield based on a single unit weight determination should differ from the theoretical more than plus or minu

44、s two percent, two additional unit weight determinations shall be made and the average of the three determinations shall be considered the unit weight of the concrete. The actual yield shall be determined from the average unit weight, and the design mix shall again be adjusted as required to correct

45、 the actual yield to correspond to the theoretical.在施工过程中可以核实混凝土的实际产量；而如果按一个单位重量计算所得的产量与理论产量相异超过2%，则必须额外测定两个单位重量数值并取其平均值作为混凝土单位重量。实际产量必须按平均单位重量测定，而必须再次按需调整配料设计来修正实际产出和理论产量之间的差异。In addition to the mix design adjustments specified above to correct for yield, other adjustments in the design mix proport

46、ions shall be made as necessary to maintain a plastic, workable mix with suitable finishing characteristics.除按上述进行配料设计调整以便修正产量之外，还必须按需对配料比做其他调整以维持具有良好塑性及和易性并且具备合适特性的混合料。No change in the brands or sources of material shall be made without prior approval of the Engineer not replace throughout. Methods

47、 for determining-the properties enumerated above shall be in accordance with 551.4.未经工程师事先许可不得改变材料品牌和供应商。必须按551.4.所述方法测定上述参数。 551.3.2.4 - Total Solids A:总固体A： The combined grading of the coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and cement used in the structural concrete shall conform to the design mix A pl

48、us or minus the tolerance specified in the following table for the coarse aggregate size used.结构混泥土中所使用之粗骨料、细骨料和水泥的混合级配必须符合配料设计A（加或减去下表规定的粗骨料体积公差）。TABLE 551.3.2.4 表 551.3.2.4 TOTAL SOLIDS A总固体ACOARSE AGGREGATE SIZE NUMBER粗骨料尺寸编号DESIGN MIX A TOLERANCE配料设计A 公差3 or 4 3或4+/- 0.3557 or 6757 或 67+/- 0.25 7, 78 or 87.78 或 8+/- 0.15A is the value of total solids (coarse agg