人教版英语七年级下Unit12课本知识梳理及课后习题(共26页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit12 Dont eat in class.Words and expressions:1.Which rules are these students breaking? 这些学生违反了哪些规定？这是由疑问词which 引导的特殊疑问句。Which 在本句中是疑问形容词，它还可以作疑问代词，“哪个，哪些” Which do you like better, classical music or popular music?Which sport is your favorite?Which 用作疑问代词时可以独立使用， 用作疑问形容词后面须接名词，两种情况经过

2、变化后可以互换使用。 Which hat is your sisters?=Which is your sisters hat?rule 在句中作名词，“规则，规定” We must obey school rules.常见的词组： obey a rule 遵守规定 break a rule 违反规定 carry out a rule 执行规定 abolish a rule 废除规定 break 是动词，“破坏， 违反”，还可以表示“破坏，打破，打碎”。 The boy often breaks school rules.Who broke the window of the classroo

3、m?Break 作名词， “休息，中间，中断”。Lets take a ten-minute break.2.Dont arrive late for class.本句是一个祈使句的否定句。祈使句是指动词原形开头，表达命令或者乞求的句子。其否定句是在句首加“Dont”构成.Dont listen to music in class.Dont play basketball in the classroom.Dont run in the hallways.区分arrive,get和which.句中的arrive 表示“到达，抵达”，为不及物动词，后面加宾语需加介词at 或in。at后面为较小的

4、场所，in 后面跟大地点。 When will he arrive at the airport?I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.单词 get 和reach 也有到达的意思，get 为不及物动词， 后面跟地点名词需加介词to， reach为及物动词，直接跟地点名词作宾语，当get 和arrive 后接副词时，不用介词。 The train arrives in Beijing at 8 oclock.=The train gets to Beijing at 8 oclock.=The train reaches Beijing a

5、t 8 oclock.What time did your father arrive home last night?late 在句子中作副词，也可以作形容词，其反义词是early, be late for +名词表示“迟到”。 He often comes to school late.I do my homework until late at night.Dont be late for school again.Better late than ever. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近，迟到Dont arrive （be）late for sch

6、ool. 上学别迟到。I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。3.Dont listen to music in the classroom or the hallways.句中的listen 表示“（注意的）听， 倾听”，为不及物动词，后面加介词to 接宾语，即：listen to sb. /sth.Do you like listening to classical music?You should listen to your teacher carefully in class.注意：区分 listen ，hear

7、和soundlisten 表示“听”强调的是动作，hear 强调的是结果，意思为“听见，听到”。 I listened carefully but I heard nothing.Can you hear someone singing in the next room?listen 可用于祈使句, 但hear不可以.Listen to me carefully.Dont listen to music in class.listen 强调动作过程，故可以用进行时态，hear不可以.All the students are listening to the teacher carefully.

8、sound听起来，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。不可用于进行时态。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。本句中的or用在否定句中,表示“或 都不”，在肯定句中表示“和，都”的and变为否定句时，一般变为or.I like rice and meat.-I dont like rice or meat.His father doesnt smoke or drink.(His father smokes and drinks.)Words and expressions:1. Can we wear hats in school

9、? can 是英语中最常用的情态动词之一，他本身不表示动作，只是说明“能不能”的意思，表示动作的是他后面的动词原形, can 没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为cant.Can you fly a kite? Yes, I can.Can we eat in the classroom? No, we cant.总结情态动词can的用法：（1）表示能力，会能（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。（

10、2）表示允许、许可，可以、能（在这一课中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？注意 同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。 wear 作动词，“穿着，戴着”，表示状态。 She is wearing a white dress today.My English teacher

11、 wears a pair of glasses.The little girl wears a beautiful hat.put on 和be in 都有穿的意思，be in + 衣服颜色，表示状态， put on 指穿上，强调穿的动作。 Its cold outside, put on your coat .He is in blue.He is putting on his shoes.school短语：in school 在上学 go to school 去上学 leave school 毕业，离开学校 at school 在学校，在上学 enter school 入学 drop o

12、ut of school 辍学Words and expressions:1Do you have to wear a uniform? Yes, we do.have to 在本句中的意思是“必须，不得不”。have to 后接动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时，用has to.I have to get up early every morning.Tom has to stay at home to look after his sister.We have to clean the classroom after school.当have to 用于否定句或疑问句中时，要根据时态加助动词

13、。 We dont have to finish our homework at school.Does she have to go to school tomorrow? Yes, she does.区分must和have tomust 与have to 都有必须的意思，但must 强调主观看法，have to 比较强调客观需要，must 则不能。 I have to go home early this afternoon.We must clean our classroom every day.Words and expressions:Practice your guitar ev

14、ery day.本句是一个祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头， 用来表示命令，请求或劝告的句子。 Do your homework after school.Come to school earlier next time.Close the window, please.祈使句的否定句在句首加Dont 或Do not.Dont wear hats in class.Dont be late for school again.Dont watch TV in the evening.以let us 或 lets 开头的祈使句表示建议做某事。 Lets go to the mountains.Le

15、t us help you.有时为了强调，在肯定结构前加do.Do come on time tomorrow.practice 的用法， practice 在美式英语中既可作动词，又可作名词， practice 在英式英语中是名词，动词是practise.practice 作动词时，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。意思是“练习，实践”，作及物动词时，后面可接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。 I have to practice playing the piano every day.We must practice speaking English as often as we can.prac

16、tice 作名词时，意思是“练习，实践，训练”。Practice makes perfect.It takes a lot of practice to become a good swimmer.注意：区分every day 和everydayevery day 是名词短语， 相当于副词，常用于作状语，意思是“每天”。everyday 是形容词，常放在名词前作定语， 意思是“每天的，日常的”。 My father walks to work every day.Do you have an English class every day?The talk show is about ever

17、yday life.We should practice everyday English every day.Words and expressions:1.I have too many rules in my home.too 在本句中作副词，意思是“太，过于”，表示超出一定的限度。 The box is too small. I cant put all the things in it.He arrived at school too late.too 常用于 be too +形容词 （for sb.）to do 的结构中，表示“太而不能”.He is too young to go

18、 to school.The problem is too difficult for me to work out.too many 意思为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数形式, too much 意思为“太多”修饰不可数名词。 There are too many people in the bus.Dont eat too much meat. Its bad for your health.2.And I have to be in bed by ten oclock.句中的in bed 有“睡觉，在床上，卧床”表示抽象意义，通常不加冠词。 His mother is ill in bed.

19、Its too late. Why are you still in bed?Dont read in bed. Its bad for your eyes.不用冠词的词组： in class 课堂上 after class 下课后 at school 在学校 in school 在上学 at work 在工作 be in hospital 生病住院 go to school 去上学 go to work 去上班 go to bed 上床睡觉 3.No talking ! 禁止交谈！no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与dont +do的用法相似。No wet umbrel

20、las! / Dont put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞！No food! Dont eat food here! 禁止吃食物！No smoking! Dont smoke here! 禁止吸烟！总结：本单元是让学生学会谈论一些规章制度，比如说：-Can we eat in school? We can eat in the cafeteria, but we cant eat in the classrooms./ -Can students wear hats in school? Yes, we can. ?No, we cant. 重在对学生进行思想教育，让

21、学生弄明白在什么地方该干什么，不该干什么。通过学习， 学生可以表达一些句子，但，要使学生在实际生活中真正做到，还需要日常学习生活中的灌输运用。课后跟踪练习一、 单项选择（ ）1. Stop _. Listen _ me, please. A. talk, to B. to talk, at C. talking, to D. talking, at 分析：选A.。考查固定搭配。stop doing 停止做某事。Listen to someone固定搭配，听某人讲话。 （ ）2. We cant go _ the classroom without the teacher. A. in B. t

22、o C. into D. to in 分析：选C。考查介词用法。go into the classroom,进入教室。（ ）3. _ we eat in the cafeteria? Yes, we _. A. Do, do B. Can, do C. Do, can D. Can, can 分析：选D。考查情态动词can的用法。（ ）4. We have _ school uniforms in school. A. wear B. to wear C. wears D. wearing 分析：选B。考查have to的用法。（ ）5. Im going to _ for Teachers

23、Day. A. buy a present at my teacher B. buy my teacher a present C. buy my teacher of a present D. buy a present of my teacher 分析：选B。本题考查动词后面的双宾语。 Buy my teacher a present /buy a present for my teacher（ ）6. Tom has to wear sneakers _ gym class. A. to B. by C. for D. with 分析：选C。考查介词用法。（ ）7. You cant p

24、ark your car _ in First Avenue. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. no where 分析：选B。考查不定代词。Not anywhere 相当于nowhere（ ）8. Dont _ loudly in the classroom. A. talk B. talks C. talking D. to talk 分析：选A。考查祈使句的否定形式。Dont 后面接动词原形。（ ）9. We are happy _ music in class. A. listen to B. to listen C. to listen t

25、o D. to listen to a 分析：选C。考查固定搭配及名词。Be happy to do ;listen to sth/sb;music不可数。（ ）10. We _ hang out after school, but our parents dont agree with us. A. can B. cant C. want D. want to 分析：选D。want to de 想要做某事。（ ）11. _ you like watching TV at night? A. Do B. Dont C. Can D. Cant 分析：选A。考查一般疑问句。（ ）12. Tom,

26、 you _ finish your homework today. Tomorrow well be busy out. A. have to B. has to C. can D. cant 分析：选A。考查have to 的用法。（ ）13. There are _ rules here and there. A. too B. many too C. too many D. much 分析：选C。考查too many+可数名次复数。（ ）14. Ann _ get home at five in the afternoon. A. have B. has C. have to D. h

27、as to 分析：选D。考查have to 的用法。（ ）15. _ TV too much is bad. A. Watch B. Watches C. Watching D. Watched 分析：选C。考查动名词做主语。二、 完形填空My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk， but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was _1_ in hosp

28、ital. By the time he was eight， you wouldnt know he has a problem when you saw him _2_.Children in our neighborhood always ran around _3_ their play， and Joey would jump and ran and play， _4_. We never told him that he probably wouldnt be _5_ to run like the other children. So he didnt know.In _6_ g

29、rade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others， _7_ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the _8_. We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team， so he didnt know.He ran four to five mile every day-even when he had

30、a fever. I was _9_， so I went to _10_ him after school. I found him running _11_. I asked him how he felt. “Okay，” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept _12_.Two weeks later， the names of the team _13_ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had _14_ the

31、 team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldnt do it so he didnt know. He just _15_ it.1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk3. A. after B. before C. during D. till4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet5

32、. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth7. A. so B. if C. then D. because8. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade9. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried10. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already1

33、2. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running13. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found15. A. made B. played C. had D. took分析：文章讲述了Joey一出生便被医生认定不能正常地跑动，但是Joey的父母一直没有把这个情况告诉他。因此Joey就在这种毫不知情的情况下，凭借着自身的努力，终于如愿以偿地入选了校田径队。答案及讲解：1. A.联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他生命中的头三年是在

34、医院里度过的”。spend有“花时间于，度过”的意思，并且spend还可做及物动词，所以放在此处，不仅符合此处的语境，而且也符合此句的语法结构。故答案选A.2. D.根据前文中The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk，可知医生认为作者的儿子在经过治疗后是能够走路的。因此可推出此处是“在他8岁时，当你看到他走路，你察觉不出他有什么问题”。故答案选D.3. C.联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“邻居家的孩子在他们做游戏时总是跑来跑去”。during的意思为“在期间”，放在此处符合此处的语境。故答案选C.4.

35、B.前文提到医生认为作者的儿子将不能正常地跑动，而后文则提到作者没有把这个情况告诉给他的儿子，因此Joey不知道。所以综合前后文，可知此处是“Joey也跳、也跑、也玩耍”。故答案选B.5. A.联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他也许不能像其他的小朋友那样能够正常地跑动”。be able to do的意思为“能够做事”，故答案选A.6. B.根据后文中“He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders”，可推知这里是“在七年级时他决定参加校田径队”。故答案选B.7. D.前文提到Jo

36、ey每天坚持训练，而且练得比其他任何人都勤，后文则讲述只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中，因此综合前后文的内容联系，不难得出前后文之间形成了一个因果关系，即Joey每天刻苦训练是因为只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中。故答案选D.8. C.联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中代表学校参赛”。故答案选C.9. D.这里提到Joey每天坚持跑45英里，即使在他发烧的时候也没有中断，而前文提到Joey早在出生时就被医生认定是不能正常地跑动，所以根据逻辑思维，作者作为Joey的家长此时一定感到很担心。故答案选D。10. D.根据前文综述，再对照选项，可得出这里是在讲述作者决定在Joey

37、放学后来找他。故答案选D.11. D. 根据后文中He has two more miles to go，再对照选项，可推知此处是“我发现他已经在跑了”。故答案选D.12. D. 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“他径直地看着前方，并且一直跑着”。故答案选D.13. B. 联系此处的语境，再对照选项，可知这里应是“两周后，队员名单被公布出来了”，再因为Joey选择的是跑步运动，故答案选B.14. C.根据前文中We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team，再对照选项，可推知此处应填make，即根据前文中的相同或类似表述可

38、得出。再因为make有“作为的一分子”的意思，放在此处，意思为Joey加入了田径队。故答案选C.15. D.根据前文中“We never told him he couldnt do it so he didnt know”，再结合Joey入选校田径队的事实，可推知此处要表达的内容是“他确实参加了”，即Joey是在一种毫不知情的情况下参加了田径队。take的意思有“参加，加入”，故答案选D.三、阅读理解AMost people who work in the office have a boss (老板). So do I (我也是). But my boss is a little unus

39、ual. Whats unusual about him? Its a big dog. Many men have dogs, but few men bring their dogs to the office every day. My bosss dog. Robinson, is big and brown. My boss brings him to work every day. He takes the dog to meetings and he takes the dog to lunch. When there is telephone call for my boss,

40、 I always know if he is in the office. I only look under his desk. If I see something brown and hairy (毛绒绒的) under it, I know my boss is somewhere in the office. If there is no dog , I know my boss is out. （ ）1. People _bring dogs to the office. A. usually B. often C. seldom (几乎不) D. sometimes （ ）2.

41、 My boss is Robinsons _. A. boss B. master C. classmate D. teacher （ ）3. Robinson goes to meetings _ my boss. A. for B. without C. instead of (代替) D. with （ ）4. Robinson is always under the desk if the boss is _. A. in the office B. at meetings C. out of the office D. out of work （ ）5. The passage t

42、ells us the boss _ the dog very much. A. looks like B. hates (恨) C. likes D. trust(信任) B Play is a childs natural way to learn. Children try and practise new physical(身体的), mental(智力的) and social(社交的) skills through play. As a child grows, play gives the chance to show his feelings. Future learning

43、is based on play. It is the way a child learns to concentrate, to imagine things, to think out new ideas, and to practice grown-up activities. Todays stacking and counting blocks(堆垛及计算积木) is tomorrows moths and science lesson. Several afternoons of finger painting may open a young mind to creativity

44、 in the art. Before children begin to go to school, they become interested in playing with other children. Play then becomes a social experience. Games are an important part of playing with other children. Television can also be a teaching toy. However, television cant take the place of face-to-face

45、 play with people. It can do only when people watch television with the child and talk about the new ideas and words that the child sees. Play can help a child to imagine things. An ordinary cardboard box becomes a spaceship or a kitchen stove(炉) through play. Children can discover the real world th

46、rough their make-believe(虚假的) world of playthey enjoy copying the activities of grown-ups and older brothers and sisters.Play helps the progress of exercise and coordination(协调) for children of all ages, from the baby kicking in the little bed to the baby who can just walk, and to the kid who can ri

47、de a tricycle(三轮车).( )6. Children try and practice new skills of _ through play. A. reading B. writing C. reading and writing D. getting on well with others( )7. If a child often _, it will help him with his math and science in the future. A. plays with blocks B. rides bicycle C. paints with a finger D.