大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案分析解析(共10页).doc

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5、om morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation a

6、dn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for manag

7、erial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between fight or flight and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The c

8、rises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established l

9、inks with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is

10、 important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his _.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance

11、3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, such a reaction refers back to_.a.mak

12、ing a choice between flight or fightb.reaction to stress both chemically and physicallyc.responding to crises quicklyd.losing heart at the signs difficulties5.In the last sentence of the passage,do so refers to _.a.expose ourselves to stressb.find ways to deal with stressc.remove stress from our liv

13、esd.established links between diseases and stress七 In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to drop out of American society and form their own societies . They

14、formed utopian communities , which they called communes, where they could follow their philosophy of do your own thing. A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called Drop City. Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pi

15、eces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Keseys Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstoc

16、k Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskins followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of do you own thing, however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania

17、 in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinners conditioning techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Ariz

18、sona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an archology Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to drop out of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American so

19、ciety.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop Cit

20、y the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of do your own thingb.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an a

21、rchology?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people八 There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, so

22、me being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individualthe sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is h

23、andicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Ma

24、rk X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educat

25、ional pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were

26、giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best b

27、e titled_.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his i

28、ntelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _.a.individua

29、l with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviromentc.lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q._.a.can be p

30、redicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood九 As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her

31、 mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a

32、 counter where some attracive ties were on display. They are real silk, the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. Worth double the price. But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a

33、 small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with

34、 her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking. She informed her daughter.1.Ediths father _.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred t

35、iesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Ediths father smoked a pipe_.a.when he was obligedb.on social

36、occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_.a.coustomers trod on each others toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry十 If the popul

37、ation of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new w

38、ays of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested b

39、y American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is

40、only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will

41、then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to pr

42、oduce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of _.a.fo

43、odb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of _.a.wate

44、rb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can_.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains th

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