nr城市道路设计规范7道路与铁路交叉、8路基设计.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流nr城市道路设计规范7道路与铁路交叉、8路基设计.精品文档.第七章 道路与铁路交叉 第一节 设计原则与规定 第7.1.1条 道路与铁路交叉的位置应符合城市总体规划。需要调整时，应报有关部门确定。 第7.1.2条 道路与铁路立体交叉的设置条件如下： 一、快速路与铁路交叉，必须设置立体交叉。 二、主干路、次干路、支路与铁路交叉，当道口交通量大或铁路调车作业繁忙而封闭道口累计时间较长时，应设置立体交叉。 三、主干路、次干路与铁路交叉，在道路交通高峰时间内经常发生一次封闭时间较长时，应设置立体交叉。 四、行驶有轨电车或无轨电车的道路与铁路交叉，应设置

2、立体交叉。 五、中、小城市被铁路分割，道口交通量虽较小，但考虑城市整体的需要，可设置一、二处立体交叉。 六、地形条件不利，采用平面交叉危及行车安全时，可设置立体交叉。 第7.1.3条 道路与铁路交叉，机动车交通量不大但非机动车交通量和人流量较大时，可设置人行立体交叉或非机动车与行人合用的立体交叉。 第7.1.4条 道路与铁路交叉宜采用正交，斜交时交叉角应大于或等于45。 第二节 道路与铁路平面交叉 第7.2.1条 道路与铁路平面交叉时，道路线形应为直线。直线段从最外侧钢轨外缘算起应大于或等于30m。道路平面交叉口的缘石转弯曲线切点距最外侧钢轨外缘应大于或等于30m。无栏木设施的铁路道口，停止线

3、位置距最外侧钢轨外缘应大于或等于5m。 第7.2.2条 道口的位置不应设在铁路的道岔处或站场范围内，也不宜设在道路与铁路通视条件不符合行车安全要求的路段上。 第7.2.3条 道口两侧应设置平台。自最外侧钢轨外缘到最近竖曲线切点间的平台长度规定如下： 通行铰接车和拖挂车的道口应大于或等于20m；通行普通汽车的道口应大于或等于16m。 平台纵坡度应小于或等于0.5%。 连接道口平台两端的道路纵坡度，对于汽车与自行车混合交通的道路应小于或等于2.5%，困难地段应小于或等于3.5%；机动车车行道应小于或等于5%。坡长限制见第5.2.3条和第5.2.5条。 第7.2.4条 道口处有两股或两股以上铁路，不

4、宜有轨面标高差。困难时两线轨面标高差应小于或等于10cm。线间距大于5m的并肩道口中相邻两线轨面标高差按道路纵坡度小于或等于3%控制。 第7.2.5条 道口宽度不应小于相交道路路面和人行道宽度之和。困难条件下可按人流量大小确定人行道宽度，但每侧宽度应大于或等于1.5m。 利用边沟排水的道路，道口宽度应与道路路基同宽。 道口宽度超过20m，不能采用标准栏木时，应与铁路部门协商处理。有困难时可局部变更道路横断面型式以增加栏木支撑点，但不可压缩各种车行道与人行道宽度。断面变更处两端应按规定设过渡段。 第7.2.6条 道口铺面应选用坚固耐用、平整、稳定且易于翻修的材料，如钢筋混凝土预制块或料石等。 第

5、7.2.7条 无人看守或末设置自动信号的道口，在距道口停止线相当于该路的停车视距，并不小于50m处，应能看到两侧各不小于表7.2.7规定道口侧向视距c处的火车，见图7.2.7。 第三节 道路与铁路立体交叉 第7.3.1条 道路与铁路立体交叉的型式主要有道路上跨或下穿两种。 立体交叉的位置与型式应根据城市总体规划的要求，并考虑道路与铁路的等级及性质、交通量、交通组成、地形、地下设施、铁路行车了望条件、地质、水文、环境要求、城市景观、施工管理等因素综合比较确定。 按照具体情况也可采用机动车车行道上跨铁路、非机动车车行道下穿铁路相组合的立体交叉型式。 第7.3.2条 立体交叉干道与引道的平面线形设计

6、见第五章。 引道范围内不应设平面交叉口。引道以外设平面交叉口时，应有大于或等于50m的平面交叉口缓坡段，其坡度宜小于或等于2%，困难情况下应小于或等于3%。 第7.3.3条 立体交叉干道与引道的纵断面线形设计见第6.3.5条。 第7.3.4条 道路上跨铁路时，立体交叉桥桥面车行道宽度不应减窄，桥上人行道的宽度可根据人流量计算确定，但每侧人行道的宽度不应小于1.5m。引道部分应设置过渡段。引道部分横断面尺寸及平面线形分别见第4.2.3条及第5.1.16条。 第7.3.5条 道路上跨铁路时，桥下净空应符合现行的标准轨距铁路建筑限界（GB 1462）的规定。道路下穿铁路时，桥下净空见第2.4.1条。

7、第八章 路基设计 第一节 设计原则与规定 第8.1.1条 路基必须密实、均匀、稳定。 第8.1.2条 路槽底面土基设计回弹模量值宜大于或等于20MPa。特殊情况不得小于15MPa。不能满足上述要求时应采取措施提高土基强度。 第8.1.3条 路基设计应因地制宜，合理利用当地材料与工业废料。 第8.1.4条 对特殊地质、水文条件的路基，应结合当地经验按有关规范设计。 第二节 路基设计调查 第8.2.1条 路基设计应进行下列调查工作： 一、查明沿线的土类或岩石类别，并确定其分布范围。选取代表性土样测定颗粒组成、天然含水量及液限、塑限；判断岩石的风化程度及节理发育情况。 二、查明沿线古河道、古池塘、古

8、坟场的分布情况及其对路基均匀性的影响。 三、调查沿线地表水的来源、水位、积水时间与排水条件。 四、调查沿浅浅层地下水的类型、水位及其变化规律，判断地下水对路基的影响程度。 五、调查该地区的降水量、蒸发量、冰冻深度、气温、地温与土基的天然含水量变化规律，确定土基强度的不利季节。 六、调查领近地区原有道路路基的实际情况，作为新建道路路基设计的借鉴。 七、调查沿线地下管道回填土的土类及密实度。 八、调查道路所在地区的地震烈度。 第三节 路基土分类 第8.3.1条 采用统一分类法对路基土分类。分类体系见图8.3.1。 第8.3.2条 路基土分类体系中的粒组划分见表8.3.2。 第8.3.3条 路基土分

9、类符号见表8.3.3。符号组合规则见附录一。 第8.3.4条 巨粒土按表8.3.4-1分类，粗粒土按表8.3.4-2分类，细粒土与有机土按表8.3.4-3及图8.3.4分类。 第8.3.5条 黄土、盐渍土、膨胀土、红粘土等特殊土均属于细粒土，应根据成因、成分、颜色和其他指标确定其分类名称，见附录二。 第8.3.6条 统一分类法与原路基土分类法的对应关系见附录三。 第8.3.7条 各类杂填土能否作为路基用土，应根据成因、成分、年代及其物理力学性质等因素确定。 第四节 土质路基压实度标准 第8.4.1条 土质路基压实应采用重型击实标准控制。确有困难时，可采用轻型击实标准控制。土质路基的压实度不应低

10、于表8.4.1的规定。 第8.4.2条 由于土质湿度等条件限制，路基压实度达不到表8.4.1的要求时，应采取加固与稳定处理措施。 第8.4.3条 路基范围内管道沟槽回填土的压实度不应低于表8.4.1所列填方要求。沟槽回填土的压实度达不到上述要求，近期铺筑路面时，必须采取防止沉陷的措施。 第五节 土基的干湿类型 第8.5.1条 土基的干湿类型，根据不利季节路槽底以下80cm深度内土的平均稠度Bm，按表8.5.1确定。 土的平均稠度Bm按下式计算： 土基干燥、中湿和潮湿状态的水位临界高度应由各城市根据当地情况确定。当地无资料时，可参见附录四。 新建道路的土基可根据调查水位、路基排水条件、土质类型、

11、路基构造尺寸等因素，并借鉴邻近原有土基的潮湿状态，参考本地区影响路基潮湿状态的水位临界高度，确定干湿类型。 第8.5.2条 原有道路的土基以下80cm范围内的平均稠度Bm，应在不利季节测定。如当地有非不利季节与不利季节的路基湿度换算关系时，可在非不利季节测定，再换算为不利季节的数值使用。 第六节 土质路基最小填土高度 第8.6.1条 采用边沟排水时，填土路肩边缘距原地面的高度不宜低于表8.6.1的规定。挖方路线与填土路段不能满足表8.6.1规定时，可采用加深边沟的办法，使路肩边缘距边沟底面的高度满足表8.6.1的规定。 第七节 路基边坡 第8.7.1条 路堤边坡高度小于表8.7.1所列数值时，

12、边坡坡度应按表8.7.1确定。对于浸水填土路堤，设计水位至常水位部分的边坡坡度视填料情况，可采用11.7512；常水位以下部分可采用1213。 第8.7.2条 路堑的边坡坡度应根据当地自然条件，土、石种类及其结构、构造，边坡高度和施工方法等因素确定，当边坡高度不大于表8.7.2所列数值时，可按表中所列数值范围，结合当地经验选用。 第8.7.3条 路堤或路堑的边坡高度大于表8.7.1或表8.7.2中规定的边坡高度时，其边坡坡度应结合当地经验，并参照有关规范设计。 第8.7.4条 为防止水流及其他因素对路堤或路堑边坡的危害，保证路基边坡的稳定性，应根据当地的具体条件和工作特点，分别采取以下防护与加

13、固措施，并应考虑与当地环境协调，注意街景美观。 一、在坡面上种草、铺草皮、种植灌木等。 二、在高路堤路肩边缘处加设小土埂，每隔3050m处设断口做急流槽排水。 三、在地下水或地表水水流危害边坡稳定时，可设置边坡渗沟或截水沟。 四、为防止岩质边坡坡面风化、剥落，可采用勾缝、喷浆、抹面或局部护砌等措施。 五、边坡坡度较陡或可能受到流水冲刷时，可设置各种类型的护坡、护墙等。 六、为保证路堤或路堑边坡的稳定，减少占地和土石方数量，可设置各种类型的挡土结构。挡土结构应根据有关规范设计。 第8.7.5条 高填方路基应验算填上引起的地基沉降及其产生的影响。 第八节 路基疏干与加固稳定措施 第8.8.1条 地

14、下水位接近或高于路槽底面标高时，应设置暗沟、渗沟或其他设施，以排除或截断地下水流，疏干土基或降低地下水位。暗沟或渗沟的断面尺寸、埋设深度等由计算确定。 第8.8.2条 地下水位或地面积水水位较高，土基处于过湿状态，或强度稳定性不符合要求的潮湿状态时，可设置隔离层或采取其他措施。 第8.8.3条 土基加固与稳定措施如下： 一、掺加无机结合料 无机结合料的掺加量可参照表8.8.3之值。处理厚度根据需要确定，但不得小于15cm。 二、换土 路基土质不良或含水量过高时，可部分或全部换填符合路基填土要求且含水量适当的土。换土厚度不宜小于80cm。 三、设置承托层 不能进行碾压的湿软土基，又无晾晒、换土或

15、其他加固与稳定处理条件时，可用砂、砂砾、碎石、矿渣等材料设置承托层，作为上层的施工依托。其厚度宜采用1530cm。 第8.8.4条 在湿软地基上修筑路基时，可采取以下措施： 一、附近有土质良好、含水量适当的土源时，可全部或部分挖除软土层，然后用好土分层回填。 二、当符合要求的填料来源困难，且湿软土层较厚时，可设置生石灰桩或砂桩及排水砂层，加速排水固结，保证路基稳定。砂桩的直径、间距及桩长由计算确定。 三、常年积水，排水困难，软土呈流动状态，且软土层厚度较薄的路段，可采用填石挤淤的办法修筑路堤。 四、湿软土层较薄，其底部有坚硬土层的路段，可在路基填土两侧边坡坡脚处打桩或砌筑齿墙，限制基底湿软土的

16、侧向移动。 五、路基疏干可采用土工织物、塑料板等材料或超载预压法稳定处理。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the pa

17、rty, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requir

18、ements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision pr

19、ocess; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation o

20、f the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party reg

21、ulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the pa

22、rtys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinpi

23、ng series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an imp

24、ortant role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive

25、 advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent

26、, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, whi

27、ch many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not speci

28、fic, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is like

29、ly to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision

30、process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instr

31、uctions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special mee

32、ting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministr

33、ies and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Co

34、mmittee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regul

35、ations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committe

36、e After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles o

37、f two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious d

38、iscipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the part

39、y constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of th

40、e Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for th

41、e purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 sec

42、ond is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all

43、members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is th

44、is one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In vie

45、w of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with rea