2015江苏学位英语考试真题和答案解析(共11页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 2014年江苏学位英语考试真题答案 阅读理解一（2005年题） Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the local people of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy. They begin to dislik

2、e tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the countrys economy(经济). It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should al

3、so advance(推进) the well-being (health and happiness) of local people. Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the countrys economy can suffer. On the other hand, if there is not enou

4、gh tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a lot of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousa

5、nd dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money. Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these sup

6、port facilities cost money. 91.If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost 译文：如果没有适当的规划，旅游可能会出现问题。例如，太多的游客可以围观公共场所，这样它们也享有一个国家的当地人民应享有的待遇。如果游客量太大造成交通拥挤，当地人会变得不高兴。他们开始反感旅游者并无礼地对待他们。他们忘记了旅游的多少可以帮助该国经济。考虑到旅游目的地人民的感受和给他们带来的影响就显得尤为重要，旅游业应该帮助一个国家保护这种风俗和美丽，以此来吸引游客，同时

7、应该预知当地人的幸福感（健康，快乐）。太多旅游业可能是一个问题。如果旅游业增长太快，人们必须离开其他工作去从事旅游行业工作。这意味着该国经济的其他部分会受到影响。另一方面，如果没有足够的旅游，人们可能失去工作。企业也可能赔钱。它花费了很多钱去建大酒店，机场，航空终端，一流的道路和所需要的旅游景点等配套设施。举例来说，一个重要的国际一流的旅游酒店每间房建设成本可能高达50万美元。如果房间大部分时间不使用，酒店的老板会赔钱。建酒店只是一个开始。一定有很多的配套设施，还包括到达酒店道路的道路建设，电力，建污水管道处理废物和水。所有这些配套设施的都需要钱。如果 他们不投入使用以及没有足够的游客，那么他

8、们将面临赔本和失业21选D.What is probably the reason if local people dislike tourists?A.Tourists come to enjoy the customs and beautyB.Local people lose jobsC.A lot of hotels are builtD.Too many tourists cause traffic problems22选A.What can we do to solve the problems caused by tourism?A.Make plans properlyB.He

9、lp the countrys economyC.Build fewer hotelsD.Advance the well-being of local people23选D.If tourism grows too quickly,_D_.A.businesses will lose moneyB.other parts of the countrys economy will make more moneyC.local people will be happierD.more local people will work for tourists24选B.Support faciliti

10、es needed by tourist attractions includes _B_.public places hotels airports roads electricity sewersA.B.C.D.25选C.If the writer wants to add Paragraph 5 to the passage, he may tell us _C_.A.whether people need to build more hotelsB.whether people need to plan tourism properlyC.how to deal with the pr

11、oblems aboveD.how to prevent tourism growing too quickly阅读理解二（2003年考题） For years it has been possible to set up cameras to take pictures of cars as they speed along highways, jump lights or drive too fast down the street. However，even if the pictures are taken automatically, someone still has to do

12、all the paperwork of sending out fines. But now a British company called EEV has come up with a computerized video system that can do it all automatically. They suggest that all number plates have a bar code（条形码） as well as the usual number. The bar codes are just stripes of lines like those you see

13、 on food packets but bigger. EEVs high speed video camera system can read a bar-coded number plate even if the car is doing over 100 miles per hour. The computer controlling the system could then use the information from the bar code to find out the name and address of the driver（from the car record

14、s），print out the fine and send it off automatically. The inventors also suggest that the system should watch traffic to help catch stolen cars. The new electronic system could be watching everyone that passes the cameras！92.Many people find the idea that “big brother is watching you” is more of a wo

15、rry than a few motorists getting away with driving too fast. Besides, some people will be very unhappy to realize that with the new system the police could find out where a particular car has been. 26The best title for the article can be _D_.APeople Who Drive Too FastBStop People from Driving Too Fa

16、stCEEV and the Police SystemDA New Computerized System for Motoring Breaking Law27The former camera used by the traffic police system is to _A_.Atake pictures of cars on highwaysBsend fines to fast motoristsCcatch cars breaking traffic rulesDmake the traffic system fully automatic28The newly-invente

17、d system works much better with the aid of _C_.Acar number platesBcar speeding recordsCbar code numbers on number platesDprint-out fines29An additional purpose of the new system is that it could _A_.Ahelp catch stolen carsBadd code numbersCwatch everyone who drives too fastDprint out bar codes autom

18、atically30“Big brother is watching you is more of a worry than ”means that many people _C_.Aare more worried about fast-driving motorists than being watched onBfind “big brothers”more worrying than motoristsCare more worried about being watched on than about fast-driving motoristsDfind motorists mor

19、e worried than “big brothers” 已经有好几年，构建照相机来拍下当汽车在高速路上超速、闯红灯、或者在街上过速驾驶的照片已经成为可能。 然而即使照片是自动拍摄的，还是有人仍然必须做送出罚款的所有文书工作。但是现在一个名叫EEV的英国公司已经提出一个能完全自动工作的由计算机处理的电视系统。 他们表示所有的牌照都跟通常的数字一样有一个条形码。条形码就是像你在食物包装上能看到的条纹线一样，只是大点。即使汽车正以每小时超过100英里的时速驾驶，EEV的高速电视照相系统也能够读出它的有着条形码的牌照。由计算机控制着的系统能够利用条形码上的信息来找出驾驶员的姓名，以及他的住址（从汽

20、车驾驶纪录中找），打印出罚单，然后自动的寄出。发明者还指出这个系统能监视交通来帮助找到被盗窃的车辆。 这个新的电子系统能够监视通过照相机的任何一个人。许多人觉得，“大哥在注视着你”这个念头远比让几个超速行车的人逃避受罚要令人担忧得多。另外，一些人会很不乐意的发现，通过这个新的系统，警察能够发现哪里有特殊的汽车。26. 能够大概替代这篇文章的题目是 。A 驾驶超速的人们 B 阻止人们驾驶超速C EEV和警察系统 D 监视违规的计算机系统的一些细节答案：D 纵观全文可知。27. 被交警系统所用的传统的照相机制是 。A 在高速上拍汽车的快照 B 抓违反交通规则的汽车C 寄罚单给驾驶快的摩托车 D 使

21、交通系统全面自动化答案：B 由文中第一段内容 “set up cameras to take pictures of cars as they speed along highways, jump lights or drive too fast down the street”28. 新发明的系统机制是更多的靠 帮助。A 牌照 B 驾驶速度纪录 C 牌照上的条形码 D 打印罚单答案：C 由文中第三段内容“all number plates have a bar code”，“EEVs high speed video camera system can read a bar-coded nu

22、mber plate”29. 下列中除了哪一项都能用来描述EEV的方法？A 一个计算机控制的电视系统 B “大哥”C 一个电子系统D 一个全自动的打印罚单的答案：D 由文中“come up with a computerized video system ”，“ The new electronic system ”， “big brother is watching you”可知ABC 都可描述 。30. 关于这个系统的一个额外的功能是它能 。A 增加数字密码 B 帮助找到被盗的车辆C 监视每一个开的过快的人 D 全自动的打印出罚单答案： B 由文中第三段最后一句“The inventors

23、 also suggest that the system should watch traffic to help catch stolen cars.”可知答案。 阅读三 （93）Since the beginning of history, man has been attracted by the idea of living forever, of wining the fight against death and diseaseSo far, this has only remained a dream, though a very powerful oneMany people

24、 have wondered whether it would be possible to find a way to preserve human bodies, and what would be the best way to preserve human bodies It has long been known that meat of fruit can be kept fresh for long periods by freezing; in ancient China, for example, food was stored with ice to keep it fre

25、shThis method could also be useful for preserving humans, and in fact many people have explored this possibility However, most living beings that exist under warm conditions die when frozenThis is because of the harmful effects of freezing ice crystals（晶体）, which are not only larger than the volume

26、of the water originally in the cells, but also form sharp cutting shapes that harms the cells In the 1940s Dr BJLuyet and a group of scientists in England were working on the problem of freezing cells without damaging themSince the harm caused by ice crystals was the main cause of the damage, Luyet

27、suggested removing some or all of the water from the cells before freezing them Using living cells from chicken, Luyet and his assistants discovered that they could partly dry the chicken cells, using a mixture of the white part of an egg and glycerin（丙三醇）, a clear, thick liquid made chiefly from fa

28、ts and oilsSome success was obtainedThe chicken cells were dried, frozen for a period of time, and then carefully unfrozenAlmost all the cells recovered when they reached normal temperatures Since then, the cooling of whole animals to a temperature very much below freezing point for later unfreezing

29、 has become more of a possibility, and the glycerin method would probably be used to accomplish thisWhen this can be done completely and successfully, science will have moved much closer to its aim of freezing and storing incurable patients until the day they can be cured31The passage is mainly abou

30、t _A_Athe possibility of preserving human bodies by freezingBthe practice of preserving food by freezingCthe harmful effects of freezingDhow to remove water from living cells32The idea of freezing human bodies to preserve them _A_Acomes from that of keeping meat and fruit fresh by freezingBwas inven

31、ted in ancient ChinaChas already been realizedDis widely accepted by the scientific world33According to the passage, freezing is_C_Athe best way of preserving foodBa way of removing water from living cellsCa way of realizing the idea of preserving human bodiesDharmful to living cells and cannot be a

32、dopted to preserve them34Glycerin can be used _C_Ato freeze living cells 有史以来，人类都梦想着长生不老，能够战Bto unfreeze living cellsCto remove water from living cells Dto change the shapes of crystals35The success obtained by Dr Luyet and his helpers was a long step towards _D_Akeeping meat or fruit freshBchanging

33、 the volume of the water in living cellsCchanging the shapes of ice crystalsDpreserving human bodies for long periodsging the volume of the water in living cellsCchanging the shapes of ice crystalsDpreserving human bodies for long periods 有史以来，人类都梦想着长生不老，能够战胜死亡和病魔。到目前为止，这也只能是一个梦想，虽然很强烈。很多人想知道能否找到一个方

34、法来保存人体，最好的方法是什么。 很长时间以来人们都知道冷冻可以使肉类和水果长时间保鲜；比如，在中国古代，人们将食物贮存在冰中保鲜。这种方法对于人体保存可能也很有用。事实上，很多人已经探索了这方面的可能性。 然而，大多数生物只能在温暖的环境下生存，而被冷冻时就会死亡。原因是由于寒冷的冰晶的破坏作用：它们的体积不仅大于最初以水的形式存在于细胞当中的体积，而且会形成细胞的尖锐的棱角。 20世纪40年代，B.J.Luyet博士和一批英格兰科学家致力于研究解决如何冷冻而又不破坏细胞。既然冰晶是主要的造成危害的原因，Luyet建议在冷冻之前先取出细胞中的部分或全部的水。 Luyet和他的助手对鸡的活细胞

35、做出的研究发现，利用蛋白和甘油-一种主要由脂肪和油料制成透明粘稠的液体-的混合物可将鸡细胞部分的水脱去。实验取得了一定的成功。这些鸡细胞被脱水、冷冻一段时间，然后小心地解冻。温度恢复正常时，几乎所有的细胞都复活了。 从此，将整只动物以大大低于冰点的温度冷冻以后再解冻可能性大大提高，这种甘油方法或许使之成为可能。当这一设想得已实现的时候，离科学将患有不治之症的病人冷冻直到找到治疗方法的目标就为期不远了。31 这篇短文主要是关于 。A 通过冷冻保存人体 B B通过冷冻保存食品C冷冻的有害影响 D如何清除生物细胞里的水答案：A 第一段的最后一句点出了文章的答案。32 冷冻人体达到保存的目的的思想 。

36、A 源于通过冷冻保鲜肉和水果 B发明于中国古代C已经被人们认识到 D已经为科学界广为接受答案： A 第二段讲出了这一想法的来源。33根据短文，冷冻是 。A 保存食品的最佳方式 B清除生物细胞水分的方法之一C实现保存人体想法的一种方法 D对生物细胞有害，不能采用以保存生物细胞答案：C 研究主要是为了实现人体保存的目的，而对细胞的研究只是其中的一部分。34 甘油可以用来 。A 冷冻生物细胞 B. ,溶化生物细胞C清除生物细胞的水分 D. 改变结晶体的形状答案：C 甘油和冷冻本身无关，只和脱水有关。35 Luyet博士和他的协助者们获得的成功是迈向 D 很长的一步。A 保险肉或水果蔬菜 B B改变生

37、物细胞内的含水量C改变冰晶体的形状 D长久保存人体答案：D 这一题的解题思路也应遵循着“人体保存”这一原则。阅读4 Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of old times, while during the 15 the century the word “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the 19 the century did silent reading become a comm

38、on practice. One should be careful, however, in thinking that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud disturbs others. Research into the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual way of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themsel

39、ves changed in character. The 19 the century saw a gradual increase in literacy （读写能力） and thus in the number of readers. 94.As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common

40、, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way. Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated resp

41、ectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its advantages, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and

42、 by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. By the end of the 19 the century, students were being advised to form their own opinions on books and to use skills in reading them which were unsuitable for the oral reader. 95.The social, cultural, and technological changes in the

43、19 the century had greatly changed what the word “reading” implied.36. Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century? DA . Silent reading had not been discovered. B . There were few places available for private reading. C . People relied on reading for entertainment. D . Few people coul

44、d read for themselves. 正确答案:Few people could read for themselves. 题目详解:根据问题中“Why was reading aloud common”的提示，从第三段中“increase in literacy（文化水平的提高），the number of readers（读者数量的增加），The number of potential listeners 听者数量的减少提供的信息判断，选项中的 Few people could read for themselves 符合题意。 37. The development of sil

45、ent reading during the nineteenth century indicated _D_. A . an increase in the average age of readers B . an increase in the number of books C . a change in the status of literate people D . a change in the nature of reading 正确答案:a change in the nature of reading 题目详解:根据问题中“The development of silen

46、t reading”的提示，从第二段中“ should be careful simply because the usual mode of reading .the tasks themselves changed in character 不要认为无声阅读的问世是因为有声阅读分散了人们的注意力，而是阅读任务本身发生了变化提供的信息判断，选项中的 a change in the nature of reading 符合题意。 38. Educationalists are still arguing about _D_. A . the importance of silent reading B . the effects of reading on health C . the amount of information yielded by books and newspapers D . the value of different types of reading material 正确答案:the value of different types of reading material 题目详解:根据问题中E