高考英语必考语法知识点.docx

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1、高考英语必考语法知识点高考英语必考语法知识点汇总1语态和时态 Do you see those people on the little sandy island? Yes, they _ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. I wonder why.A. were waving B. wavedC. had waved D. have been waving【正确答案】D【高考考点】考查现在完成进行时。【详细解析】这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的，然后一直在挥，一直挥到了说话的这个时候，所以我们用现在完成进行时强调一个动作的持续。A选项为过去进行时，

2、B选项为一般过去时，C选项为过去完成时，这三个时态都是和过去有关，和现在无关。题干中出现last或者是last half hour，recent等这类词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时。故本题正确答案是D。2名词性从句The information could be helpful to _ will take over the job.A. those B. whoC. whoever D. anyone【正确答案】C【高考考点】考查名词性从句。【详细解析】名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。此题考的就是介词to后的宾语从句，whoever在从句中作主语。A、D两个选

3、项需要在后面加上who;B选项是who在名词性从句中表示疑问，e.g. Who will take over the job has not been decided yet. 故本题正确答案是C。3虚拟语气和情态动词 David, we went to Lake Geneva for the weekend. That _ a very nice change. I wish I had gone there.A. must be B. must have beenC. could be D. could have been【正确答案】B【高考考点】考查情态动词。【详细解析】must表推测，

4、“肯定”，must be表示对现在和将来事实的推测;must have been表示对过去事实的推测。这里表示一个肯定的推测，又因为是上个周末的事情，说明这件事情已经发生了，故选B;C选项could“可能”，表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的陈述看法，e.g. His story could be true, but I hardly think it is.他所说的这个故事可能是真的，但是我基本上不相信;D选项could have done是虚拟语气，表示“过去本能够做某事却未做”，e.g. You could have done better, but you didnt try your best.

5、你原本是可以做的更好的，但是你并没有尽自己最大的努力。4代词Knowledge begins to increase as soon as one individual municates his ideas to _ by means of speech.A. other B. anotherC. the other D. an other【正确答案】B【高考考点】考查代词。【详细解析】other用作代词时，意为“另一个;其他的人(东西)”，不单独使用：the other，the others，others;another用作代词时，表示没有具体所指的“另外一个”。e.g. One pers

6、on may like fishing, while another may prefer hunting.一个人可能是喜欢钓鱼，而另一个可能喜欢打猎;the other表示“两者中的另一个”，表示特指;D选项没有这种用法。故本题正确答案是B。5非谓语动词Almost everyone of the graduates wants to deliver the keynote speech at the graduation ceremony. For the speaker, _ is an honour.A. invited B. being invitedC. be invited D.

7、 inviting【正确答案】B【高考考点】考查非谓语动词。【详细解析】A选项invited是过去分词不能充当主语;C选项be invited不是非谓语形式;D选项语态错误，应该用被动。故本题正确答案是B。遇到动词要考虑四点： 先判断是谓语还是非谓语; 主语; 主语和非谓语动词的主/被动关系; 非谓语动词与谓语动词的时间关系。e.g. Being exposed to the sun for too much time will do harm to ones skin.在太阳下暴露太久对皮肤有害。e.g. The girls being educated in a good environm

8、ent is what her parents have expected.这个女孩在一个良好的环境中受到教育是她父母所期望的。6定语从句Todays college is appropriate as a setting for a society _ its members must acquire and manage knowledge from a wide variety of sources.A. which B. so thatC. where D. of which【正确答案】C【高考考点】考查定语从句。【详细解析】本题考查关系副词where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词coll

9、ege，where在定语从句中作地点状语。A选项which是一个关系代词，只能充当主语或宾语;B选项so that“为了”，引导目的状语从句，在这里逻辑不对;D选项of which是“介词+关系代词”结构，先行词college放到定语从句中，应该是说“in the college”，所以这个介词应该用in。故正确答案为C。7动词When problems such as energy crisis, pollution and population explosion _, people are asked to share the bitterness and endure the hard

10、ship.A. are arisen B. ariseC. arising D. arisen【正确答案】B【高考考点】考查动词。【详细解析】从题干可知when引导的时间状语从句中缺少谓语动词，故排除C、D两项;arise“出现、发生”，是不及物动词，无被动语态。故正确答案为B。8状语从句They didnt want to admit to any shortage of food _ it might reveal a weakness to be exploited by their enemies.A. in order that B. or elseC. but for D. for

11、 fear that【正确答案】D【高考考点】考查状语从句的连词。【详细解析】A项in order that引导目的状语从句;B项or else“否则”在此处用句意不通;C项but for表示“如果没有，要不是”，它往往用在虚拟语气中;D项for fear that也引导目的状语从句，但它表示“生怕某种不好的事会发生”。e.g. Shut the window for fear that it may rain.把窗关起来，以防下雨。根据句意可知，他们不愿意承认食物短缺，是因为他们害怕被敌人知道，然后利用他们的这个缺点。故正确答案为D。9固定搭配Without solutions _ the

12、gap between the rich and the poor, there can be no “harmonious society”.A. of B. forC. to D. on【正确答案】C【高考考点】介词的用法。【详细解析】solution to“解决的方法”，为固定搭配，故正确答案为C。接下来我们就来看一下还有哪些名词后面跟介词to。【access】have access to有通道/有使用/有见到(某人/某物的机会或权利)【answer】answer to对的回答【approach】approach to sth./ approach to doing sth.做某件事情的

13、方法【attitude】attitude to sth.对待的态度【contribution】make contributions to sth.对做出贡献【damage】do damage to sth.对造成损坏、破坏【devotion】devotion to sth.对的奉献【entrance】entrance to某地方的一个入口【introduction】introduction to sth.对的介绍【limit】the limit to sth.对的一个限度/限制【objection】the objection to对的反对【reaction】reaction to sth.对东

14、西的反应【response】response to sb./sth.对人(或物)的回答/回复10主谓一致 _ five hundred dollars a big sum to a Chinese family? Im afraid not.A. Is B. Are C. Were D. Will be【正确答案】A【高考考点】主谓一致。【详细解析】表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词、词组作主语时，一般被看作是一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式;另外题中说到a big sum“一大笔钱”，说明它把500美金这个复数的概念是当作一个整体去理解的，这也给了我们启示。故正确答案为A。学科网（北京）股份有限公司