2015年5月三笔真题及答案(共7页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town s

2、treets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal=Jobs.”But recently, fear has settled in. The states oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near a town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollut

3、ion regulations.As energy companies move away from coal toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the Carbon Power Plant have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and

4、 equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18. Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954

5、. “I would have liked to be here for another five years,” he said, “Im too young to retire.”But the Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is sc

6、heduled to be shut by April 2015. “We had been working for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,” said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”For the last several years

7、, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas. This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the countrys largest public power utility, voted to s

8、hut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky, and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than 150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in

9、billions of dollars in related health savings and will have a sweeping impact on air quality. In recent weeks, the agency held 11 “listening sessions” around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carb

10、on pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Clubs Beyond Coal Campaign, which wants to shut all of the nations coal plants.For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area du

11、ring hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around here knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside. But there is quiet acknowledgement that this place will have to changeif n

12、ot now, soon.Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned US $1 a day. “Im retired, so Ill be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.英译汉参

13、考译文：在美国犹他州东部矿藏丰富的地区，人们世代以煤炭为生。采煤世家自豪地回想他们常年在地下辛勤劳动的岁月。镇上街道两旁，物资补给商店林立。通往煤矿蜿蜒的道路上方矗立着广告牌，上面写着“煤炭=就业”的标语，一位满脸煤灰的矿工往外观望。（5分）然而，最近人们已开始担心。该州运营最久的燃煤电厂建在离镇不远的峡谷之中，近来已确定关闭，因为要执行更严格的联邦污染治理新条例。（5分）由于能源公司弃用煤炭而改用更清洁、更廉价的天然气，当地人越来越担心他们这个社区不久就会消失。加朋电厂有数十位工人已获悉，他们必须提前退休，或转行。当地的货运和设备公司也准备从别的地方承揽业务。（5分）“许多人都在发愁，”凯尔

14、戴维斯说。他从18岁一直在电厂工作，今年56岁了。他从清洁工干起，一直干到业务主管，厂里的锅炉自1954年以来从未熄过火。他说，“我希望在此再干五年。我还年轻，不能退休。”（5分）但是这家电厂的运营商洛基山电力公司已确定，为达到联邦汞排放新标准而翻新这家老厂开支太大。这家电厂将于2015年4月关闭。公司发言人戴维埃斯基尔森说：“三年里，我们用了大部分时间尝试达标的方法，但我们试用的方法确实都不能产生达标的结果。”（5分）最近几年，燃煤电力在美国各地相继关闭，这是因为环保条更严格，电力需求萎缩，电力公司改用天然气的缘故。本月，美国最大的公用电力管理机构田纳西工程管理局的董事会投票决定，关闭在亚拉

15、巴马和肯塔基两个州的八家燃煤电厂，其中一部分以燃气电力厂取而代之。自2010年以来，已有150家燃煤电厂关闭，或准备停运。（5分）据环境保护署统计，对电厂实行更严格的限排规定，将节省数十亿美元相关医疗费用，并对空气质量产生重大影响。近几周，环境保护署在美国各地举行了11次“听证会”，以便今后提出有关二氧化碳排放的补充规定。（5分）喜来俱乐部开展的非煤运动主张关闭美国所有的燃煤电厂。这项活动的负责人布鲁斯尼勒斯说：“燃煤电厂是有害碳污染物一个最大排放源，而且我们现在已有替代能源，比如用风能和太阳能取而代之。”（5分）在这里，许多人只知道以煤为生。煤炭行业也曾在困难时期把整个矿区凝聚起来，尤其是在

16、2007年艰难的日子里。在离高速公路大约35英里开外的地方发生了矿难，九人丧生。当地人几乎都认识罹难者，其中六人至今还埋在山里。然而，人们心里明白，这个地方必定要发生变化即使现在不变，不久也要变。（5分）皮特帕拉西奥斯在矿上工作了43年，见证了这里煤炭业的兴衰。现在他已86岁高龄，回想初次采煤的情景，眼光已显浑浊。当时他12岁，一天只挣一美元。“我已经退休了，所以我还行。但这些年轻人怎么办？”皮特帕拉西奥斯声音越来越低，他说不下去了。（5分）Section 2 Chinese English Translation (50 points)Translate the following pass

17、age into English.天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关”、“中国重晶石之乡”、“贵州高原黄金县”之称。天柱县总面积2201平方千米，辖16个乡镇326个行政村，总人口41万余人，以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%，是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源，气候温和， 土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，享有“黔东粮仓”的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担（一担=50公斤），是中国烟叶主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩（一亩=1/15 公顷），覆盖率达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分

18、丰富。天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。全县国民经济稳步发展，综合实力日益增长，人民生活水平不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，基础设施建设加强，城镇面貌日新月异。“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合服务优化，人居条件优良，经济充满活力”的新天柱呈现在世人面前。 Section 2 汉译英参考译文 （50分）Tianzhu County is located in the eastern part of Guizhou Province. It is an important gateway of Sichuan Province, Chongqing Municipality and Guizho

19、u Province to Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province. It has long been known as the No.1 Pass in eastern Guizhou, Chinas home of heavy spar and the gold center of the Guizhou Plateau. (12分)Tianzhu County has a total area of 2,201 square kilometer

20、s. It has 16 townships and towns and 326 administrative villages with a total population of over 410,000. Ethnic minorities, consisting mainly of the Dong and Miao, account for 98.3 percent of the countys population, making it one of the counties in the province with the highest concentration of eth

21、nic minorities. (12 分)Tianzhu County is rich in natural resources. With a temperate climate and fertile soil, it is an important grain-producing base in the province, known as the granary of eastern Guizhou. Producing 1.3 million kilograms of tobacco leaf every year, it is Chinas main leaf-producing

22、 area. It is rich in forest resources, with 123,395 hectares of wooded area, and a forest coverage of 56 percent. It is also one of the 10 forestry base counties in Guizhou. In addition, it has rich deposits of heavy spar, gold, coal and other mineral resources. (13分)Seizing the opportunity created

23、by the large-scale development of Chinas western region, Tianzhu County has developed rapidly. Its economy has developed steadily with its overall strength growing and its peoples living standards improving continuously. Thanks to adjustment and improvement of the industrial structure, it has strengthened its infrastructures, and has since assumed a new look. People there enjoy beautiful ecology, adequate cultural and educational facilities, better social services, good living conditions, and economic prosperity. (13分)专心-专注-专业