初中英语语法形容词副词二教案(共3页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第6单元形容词和副词(二)（一）形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法：大多数形容词和副词都有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的原形称为原级；两人或两物之间，在性质或特征方面相比较时，用比较级；在三个或三个以上人或事物之间进行性质或特征方面的比较，用最高级。注：有些形容词由于本身涵意的限制，没有比较级和最高级。如：dead, empty, round, sure, woolen等。（二）使用比较级和最高级的几个要点1比较应在同类事物间进行误：My hair is longer than you. 正：My hair is longer than yours.为了

2、避免重复累赘，比较状语从句中常有某些成分被省略，但作为“比较的对象”的成分不能省掉，否则会造成不合逻辑的比较。误句中you和my hair不属同类的东西比较，故要成yours(=your hair),这样便属同类比较了。 2避免双重比较误：His handwriting is more better than mine.正：His handwriting is better than mine.在比较级前加上more属重复比较，是错误的。 3比较级和最高级前的修饰语不可误用误：You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth.正：Yo

3、u can jump much/far higher on the moon than on the earth.very不可与比较级或最高级连用，比较级前可用much, far, even, a lot, a little等来修饰。4最高级后的介词in与of误：Xu Yang sings the best of her class.正：Xu Yang sings the best in her class.表示比较的范围的介词短语“in.”与“of.”在用法上是有区别的：(1) in表示“在内(指某范围内)”，其后接表示单位、组织、时间等概念的单数名词或代词。(2) of表示“属性(指在同类

4、人、物中)”，其后可接： a.“the+基数词”或“the+基数词+名词复数” Betty is the youngest of the three girls. b.“all +the(ones)+名词复数”或“all(作代词)” Lin Lan is the hardest of all. 5形容词最高级前要用the误：This TV play is best I have ever seen.正：This TV play is the best I have ever seen.形容词前必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可以用也可以不用the。 6比较级前加the误：Lucy is nic

5、er of the two.正：Lucy is the nicer of the two.形容词的比较是对两种性质相同的人或事物的比较：如“A比B漂亮”，英语有两种译法：一是把A、B都说出来：A is nicer than B;另一种是只说出其中一个人：A is the nicer of the two.因此在“主语+谓语+the+比较级+of the two+复数名词”的句型中，比较级前的the不能省去。 7比较要符合逻辑误：Zhang Feng is shorter than any boy in his class.正：Zhang Feng is shorter than any oth

6、er boy in his class.正：Zhang Feng is the shortest of all the boys in his class.当比较的人或物超过两个时，我们使用“any other”或“the+最高级+of”的结构。误句中any boy(任何一个男孩)包括了Zhang Feng,而Zhang Feng不能比他本身还要矮。 8主格和宾格问题比较级than后应用人称代词的主格，但在非正式语体中常常用宾格，如：I am older than she. I am older than her.(多用于口语中)但有时意义有所不同。如：I like the boy bette

7、r than her.(我喜欢那个男孩胜于喜欢她) I like the boy better than she.(我比她更喜欢那个男孩) 9同一个表示比较的句子，可以有不同的表达。如：他是班上个子最高的。He is the tallest in his class.He is the tallest student in his class.He is the tallest of the students in his class.He is taller than his classmates.He is taller than any other student in his clas

8、s.He is taller than any of the other students in his class.He is taller than any of the others in his class.He is taller than all of the others in his class.He is taller than all the others in his class.He is taller than anybody else in his class.Nobody else in the class is as tall as he.No one is taller than him in his class.Nobody else is as tall as he in his class. 专心-专注-专业