外研版-高一英语-必修一-Module1-语法总结(共11页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上基础学习1.词汇记忆1.1反复阅读，强化记忆（学会使用单词）；1.2单词-读音-音标，三者记忆时相辅相成；1.3做好计划，利用零散时间，反复阅读。Module 1 词汇词组academic ,kdmk adj. 学院的,学术的province prvins n.省enthusiastic in,ju:zistik a.热情的amazed meizd adj.惊讶的amazing meizi a.令人吃惊的information ,infmein n.信息,通知website websait n.网站brilliant briljnt a.（口语）极好的comprehe

2、nsion ,kmprihenn n.理解instruction instrkn n.（常复）指示，说明method med n.方法bored b: d adj.厌倦的embarrassed imbrsta.尴尬的embarrassingimbrsiadj.使人尴尬的attitude titju:d n.态度behavior biheivjn.行为，举止previous pri:vis a.以前的adv.以前description diskripn n.描述technology teknldi n.技术impress impresvt.给深刻印象correction kreknn.改正enc

3、ouragement inkridmnt n.鼓励enjoyment indimnt n.享受，乐趣fluency flu:nsin.流利misunderstanding,misndstndi n.误解disappointed ,dispintid adj.失望的disappointing,dispinti adj.令人失望的system sistm n.系统；制度teenager ti:nid n.青少年disappear ,dispi vi.消失move mu:v vt.搬家，移动assistant sistnt n.助手coverkv vt.包括 n.盖子diplomadiplumn.毕

4、业文凭,学位证书重点词组in other words 换句话说look forward to doing sth. 期待；盼望look for 寻找be impressed with 对印象深刻be different from 与不同at the start of 在开始的时候at the end of 在结束的时候be divided into被（划）分成take part in 参加2.语法基础2.1语法入门主语：句子或者句意的主要人物或事物，一般在句首。主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语

5、之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.宾语：宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是代词宾格，如：me，him，them等 例： The boy needs a pen.定语：对主语或者宾语的修饰。汉语中常用的表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 _作定语： The little boy needs a blue pen._作定语：Two boys need two pens._作定语： His boy needs Toms pen._作定语： The boy needs a ball pen.状语：主语

6、处于一种什么状态。状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首。 有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意。如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom._状语：The boy needs a pen now. /Now, the boy needs a pen. /The boy, now, needs a pen.补语：补充说明信息和情况。补语，就是补充说明的语言，英语中一般有主语补语和宾语补足语，主语补语很少提及，宾语补足语

7、倒是句子的常见组成部分。例一Please dont call me fat. 例二They made the girl cry. 2.2词法名词（n），动词(v)，形容词(adj)，副词(adv)，冠词，代词，介词MODULE 1 精讲3.1.IlikeChinesebecauseIenjoyreadingstoriesandpoems.非谓语动词做宾语v.ing & to do sth.enjoy doing 喜欢做只能接动名词做宾语： enjoy imagine cant help 喜欢 想象 禁不住3.2. I live in shijiazhuang，a city not far fr

8、om Beijing.（1）a city not far from Beijing是shijiazhuang的同位语（2）比较级： farfartherfarthestI can throw the ball farther than you can.（3）far表示不确切的距离，表示距离的数量词不能与它搭配。判断：She lives five miles far from here.She lives five miles from here.She lives far from here.3.3.Theteacherswriteonthecomputer,andtheirwordsappe

9、aronthescreenbehindthem. appear 常用作不及物动词或连系动词，表示“出现，显现”，后接不定式、形容词或从句。appear做连系动词，表示“似乎，显得”。It appears that she will win.3.4. Andwehavefun.(1)havefun玩得开心，快乐(2)have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事是快乐的have fun with sb. 和某人在一起是快乐的Thechildrenwerehavingalotoffunwiththebuildingblocks.3.5. Imlookingforwardtodoingit

10、！lookforwardtosth./doingsth. 期待着某事/做某事”，其中“to”是介词。动词介词to构成的常用短语有：turnto求助于；转向；翻到payattentionto注意belongto属于3.6.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticandfriendlyandtheclassroomsareamazing.(1) be enthusiastic about sb./ sth. 对热心/着迷Zheng chi is enthusiastic about football games.(2) amazing adj. 令人吃惊的It is amazi

11、ng that you cant swim.(3) 以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词用法： 例She is an _ (interest) writer, and Im _(interest) in the subjects that she _(write) about.以-ing和-ed的结尾的形容词，常用来表示特征和状态。形式是动词的过去分词和现在分词，但是实际上却是形容词。常见的有：tired/tiring, satisfied/satisfying, interested/interesting, disappointed/disappointing, pleased/pleasing

12、等。ed结尾的形容词，通常用于说明句中主语（人）的情绪变化，对人和物的态度感受，常译为某人感到的；-ing结尾的形容词，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。通常译为令人的。He is not interested in politics.The book is very interesting.比较：Heisfrightened. Heisfrightening.3.7. TheteacherisaveryenthusiasticwomancalledMsShen.例The players _ from the whole country are

13、 expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected （1）calledMsShen 过去分词短语作定语，与所修饰的词逻辑关系上存在被动关系，相当于定语从句的 who/ that is called MsShen.We visited the new library built three weeks ago. （2）过去分词作定语，与所修饰的词逻辑关系上存在被动关系；现在分词作定语，与所修饰的词逻辑关系上存在主动关系。Do you kno

14、w the man standing by the door?Do you know the man locked in the room?3.8.MsShensmethodofteachingisnothingliketheteachersatmyJuniorHighschool.(1) nothing like 丝毫不像 something like 大约，有点像(2) that 代替前面提到的method【辨析】one,that,it用法解析例If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get_ for me?A. one

15、 B. it C. this D. that1. one 泛指，代替前面提到过的那类人或物，指代可数名词。复数形式ones前面需要定语修饰。(同名异物)Tom has a red pen and two blue ones.2. that 特指，代替前面提到过的那类事物，指代可数或者不可数名词。 (同名异物)MaryshandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.3. it特指，代替前面提到的具体事物。（同名同物）Ihavelostmyumbrella;Imlookingforit.3.9. IdontthinkIwillbeboredinMs.Shensclas

16、s!be bored with 对厌倦 bore sb with 因使某人厌倦 bore sb. by doing sth. 做某事使某人厌倦 (1)否定转移：英语中有些动词，如think,believe,expect,imagine等，后面接一个具有否定意义的宾语从句时，宾语从句中的not转移到主句的谓语动词中。Wedontthinkthereisanythinginterestinginyourpictures.我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方.(2) I think(believe,expect,imagine) +宾语从句， 否定转移，反意疑问句与宾语从句主谓一致。Idontthin

17、kitsgoingtoraintomorrow,isit?(3) 反意疑问句主语不是第一人称，否定转移，反意疑问句与主句主谓一致。YoudontthinkIhavemademistakes,doyou?例Idontthinkitisgoodforanimalstostayatzoos，_？Iagreewithyou.A.isntitB.dontI C.isit D.doI4.0. Inotherwords,therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.(1)inotherwords换句话说 ina/oneword 简而言之，总之Imnotusedtothewayyou

18、speaktome.Inotherwords,Idontwanttocontinueourconversations.例I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times_.A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many(2)倍数+as+adj.+as+被比较的对象AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.倍数+比较级+than+被比较的对象AsiaisthreetimeslargerthanEurope.倍数+thesize/length/

19、height+of+被比较的对象 AsiaisfourtimesthesizeofEurope.课后练习1. The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept2. I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _talking while she works. A. worki

20、ng; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working to stop D. to work to stop3. The art show was _ being a failure ；it was a great success.A. far from B. next to C. along with D. regardless from4. - We are supposed to be there at 6:00? - _ I know, so we are.A. As soon as B. As far as C. So long as D. As p

21、ossible as5. My brother is an actor. He _ in several films so far. Aappears Bappeared Chas appeared Dis appearing6. -Im going to stay in Beijing for two days. -_!A. Thanks B. Its my pleasure C. With pleasure D. Have fun7. Thank you_ visiting our school. We look forward_ seeing you again.A. to;to B.

22、for;for C. for;to D. to;for8. Even if too old to work much, the retired worker is very _ about the street affairs.A. eager B. keen C. anxious D. enthusiastic9. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them_in his lectures.A. interested B. interestingC. interest D. to interest

23、10. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing11. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _like swimming as a means of keeping fit. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything12Im expecting a pet dog for long，but mom

24、has no time to buy _ for me Ait Bone Cthis Dthat13. Mrs Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a plane,_?A. is he B. isnt he C. doesnt she D. does she14. Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time ,_?A. was there B. was not thereC. did not he D. did he15. The new stadium

25、 being built for the next Asian Games will be_the present one.A. three times as big as B. as three times big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times asMODULE 1 时态例1 “Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step _.”A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed例

26、2 Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _ some of its stores open 24 hours every day.A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept一般现在时用动词原形表示，be和have在人称和数上应按照自己的规则与主语保持一致。其他动词第三人称单数的变化规律A. 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week等时间状语连

27、用。（1）He takes a walk after supper every day.B. 表示主语的性格，能力，所具备的特征（2）Mary speaks both English and French very well.C. 表示客观事实或普遍真理（3）Light travels faster than soundD. 表示安排或计划好的将来要发生的动作。只限于go, come, leave, start, stay, return, begin等动词（4）When does the train leave for Shanghai?E. 在时间状语和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。（5）

28、If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go climbing.（6）I will not leave here until he comes here tomorrow.例3 “ The moment_ soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. came B. has comeC. was coming D. is coming例4 Food supplies in the flood-stricken area_. We must act immediately before theres none

29、 left.A. have run out B. are running outC. have been run out D. are being run out现在进行时（1） 表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态，常与now, right now, at this moment, at present 等时间状语连用。We are having an English lesson now.（2） 瞬间动词（go, come, start, leave, return, arrive等）的进行时，可以表示即将发生的动作或者按照几乎安排好的事。The train is arriving soon.My uncle is coming back from abroad.（3） 通过反复发生的动作表达出特定的情感，不满、抱怨或情感，常与always，forever，continually，all the time连用。She is always finding fault with others.专心-专注-专业