备战2012—高考英语最新英语词汇精编单选及详解260题(共68页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上备战2012高考英语最新英语词汇精编详解1. Who is responsible for sending out misinformation? Most of the fault lies _ the administration.A. in B. to C. on D. with答案 D. with.注释 lie with应由.（承担责任）；（作出决定等）得靠. 1)The responsibility lies with the driver.(责任应由这个司机承担。) 2)It lies with you to accept or reject he the

2、 proposal.(接受还是拒绝这项建议由你决定。)lie in在于： 1)The difficulty lies in their great poverty.(困难在于他们非常贫困。) 2)the solution lies in social and political reform.(解决方法在于社会政治改革。)2. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _ of each other.A. sum B. quantity C. deal D. amount答案 C. deal.注释 see a good

3、 deal of each other 经常见面。3. Maria _ missed the first train so as to travel on the same one as John.A. deliberately B. intensively C. decisively D. objectively答案 A. deliberately.注释 deliberately(=on purpose, intentionally)故意地；存心地。4. They always kept on good _ with their next-door neighbors for the chi

4、ldrens sake.A. friendship B. relations C. intentions D. terms答案 D. terms.注释keep (be) on good terms with与.和睦相处。5. Do you think a wife should _ her habits and tastes to those of her husband?A. comply B. confirm C. consent D. conform答案D. conform.注释conform vi遵守，符号：All the students must conform to the ru

5、les.(全体学生必须遵守规章。)conform sth. to sth. else(vt)使符合：He conformed the plans to the new specifications.(他使这些集合符合新规范。) comply with遵守；confirm使坚定，确认，证实；consent (to)同意，赞同。6. He was afraid that the branch might bend over and break, and he would be sent _ to the ground.A. crashing B. throwing C. rushing D. dr

6、opping答案A. crashing.注释crash(to the ground)猛跌（到地上）。Crash n.常指飞机等的“失事”，如：He was killed in an aircraft crash.(他在飞机失事中丧生。)本句中用falling不妥，fall指“落下，掉下”，本身并不强调落下的速度，而crash使“猛跌”，故本题用crashing最佳。7. High interest rates _ people from borrowing money.A. discourage B. decrease C. disturb D. disgust答案A. discourage注

7、释discourage sb. from doing sth.使认为某事不值得做：Tht wet weather discouraged people from going to the sports meeting.(下雨天使人觉得不值得去看运动会。)8. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _ standards.A. equivalent B. uniform C. alike D. likely答案A. equivalent.注释equivalent相等的，相当的：He exchang

8、ed his pounds for the equivalent amount of dollars. uniform 相同的,一样的。Likely adj.很可能的，有希望的。Alike(表语形容词)相同的，相象的。9. The two things are the same in outward form but different _.A. in addition B. in brief C. in common D. in essence答案D. in essence.注释in essence本质上；in addition此外；in brief简短地，简言之；in common共同。1

9、0. _ it is a good thing I did not get the post I had applied for, though I must admit that I was disappointed at the time.A. By the way B. In a way C. In the way D. In no way答案B. In a way.注释in a way(-to some extent)在某种程度上；in no way决不；by the way 顺便提一下；in the way 碍事。此题不能选by the way，因为by the way 做插入语其后

10、应加逗号。本题译文：我没有得到我申请得工作在某种程度上说是件好事，尽管我承认当时我很失望。11. _ inviting guests and not treating them properly!A. Strangely B. Fantastically C. Surprisingly D. Fancy答案D. Fancy.注释fancy doing 没想到.竟然：1)Fancy your him!(没想到你竟然认识他！) 2)Fancy spending the day in here!(没想到竟在这里过了一天！)本题译文：没想到邀请了客人竟没有好好招待！12. With sufficien

11、t scientific information a manned trip to Mars should be _.A. obtainable B. potential C. considerable D. feasible答案D. feasible.注释feasible(=that can be done)可行的，可做到的：1)Your plan sounds quite feasible.(你的计划听起来很可行。) 2)Its not feasible to make the trip in one day.(一天内要进行这次旅行是做不到的。)obtainable可得到的；conside

12、rable相当的，可观的；potential潜在的，可能的。13. The generation _ makes it difficult for parents to understand their childrens opinions.A. division B. gap C. separation D. interval答案B. gap.注释generation gap 代沟。division分，划分；separation分开；interval间隔，间隙；（幕间或工间）休息。at intervals 不时，时时14. If the boy had _ the dog alone it

13、wouldnt have bitten him.A. set B. left C. had D. put答案B. left.注释leave sb./sth. alone不惹，不管，不碰：Leave the box alone.(别碰那个盒子。)15. They were so far away that I couldnt _ their faces clearly.A. see through B. make up C. see off D. make out答案D. make out.注释make out(=identify and see with effort or difficult

14、y)辨认出。see through参阅，151,注释:此处see through还可表示“看穿.(=understand the real meaning of or reason for; realize the falseness of)”： 1)The teacher saw through the boys story of having to help at home. (=The teacher knew his story was not true; it was just an excuse.) 2) He cant fool her. She sees him through

15、 every time.see off送行；make up构成，组成，拼凑；弥补，赔偿；化装，编造：1)编造：John made up the joke about the talking dog. 2)弥补：Bob must make up the work he missed. 3)凑足： We need one more to make up the dozen. 4)化装： The actors were making up when we arrived. 5)构成：Nine players make up a team.16. Achieving a high degree of

16、proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious _ without scientific basis.A. process B. practice C. procedure D. program答案A. process.注释process(=connected series of actions, or series of operations) 过程：By what process is cloth made form wool?(经过什么过程羊毛织成呢料？)practice(=the doing of som

17、ething of, performance or repeated exercise, etc.)实习，练习；开业: She is doing her practice at the piano.(她在练习弹钢琴。)procedure(=the regular order of doing things)程序：the usual procedure at a meeting(开会的通常程序)。Program(=plan of what is to be done or list of items or events)课程，计划，大纲：What is the program for tomor

18、row ?(明天上什么课?)17. I must go now. _, if you want that book Ill bring it next time.A. Incidentally B. Accidentally C. Occasionally D. Subsequently答案A. Incidentally.注释incidentally(=by the way)附带地，顺便：Fred said, incidentally, that he had no dinner.(顺便提一下，福来德那时说，他还没吃晚饭。)accidentally(=by chance)偶然地：I met w

19、ith an old friend of mine accidentally last week.(上星期我偶然碰到一位老朋友。)occasionally (=from time to time, not regularly)不时地，偶尔：We get visitors here occasionally.(我们偶尔在此接游客。)subsequently(=afterwards, later) At first we thought we would go; but subsequently we learned we were needed at home.(起初,我们想离开；但随后我们得知

20、家里需要我们。)18. A completely new situation is likely to _ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.A. arouse B. rise C. arise D. abide答案C. arise.注释arise(=come into being, appear, happen)产生，发生：Difficulties will arise as we do the work.(我们做这项工作时将会发生困难。)arouse 唤起，激起，唤醒；rise 上升;abide (by)遵守。本题译文：当中学毕业年龄上

21、升到16岁时，很可能产生完全新的情况。19. The illness from which Mary is suffering has now been _ as hepatitis (肝炎).A. diagnosed B. determined C. deduced D. discovered答案A. diagnosed.注释diagnose.as 把.诊断为.。本题译文：玛丽的病现已诊断为肝炎。20. These continual _ in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.A. alterations B. vi

22、brations C. waves D. fluctuations答案D. fluctuations. 注释fluctuations波动；waves波浪；alterations(部分)改变，变更；vibrations(物理学上)振动。21. All foreign visitors are requested to _ with the regulations in this area.A. agree B. comply C. consent D. conform答案B. comply.注释comply with(=act in accordance with a demand, order

23、, rule, etc.)遵守：People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished.(拒绝遵守法律者将受到惩罚。)conform(to)使一致，符合；conform to rules符合规则；conform to the customs of society(遵从社会习俗)；consent to 同意，赞同；consent to a plan(赞同计划)。22. Thomas Edison considered genius to be _ one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine perc

24、ent perspiration.A. composed of B. constituted in C. consisted of D. comprised in答案A. composed of.注释be composed of由.组成。Consist of由.组成，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态，故不合题意。23. Although Lucy was slimming, she found cream cakes quite _.A. irregular B. inevitable C. incredible D. irresistible答案 D. irresistible注释irresis

25、tible不可抵抗的，诱人的，1)I had a irresistible desire to run away,2)I cant refuse this offer; it is irresistible.Irregular 不规律的, 不合规则的：1)the trains from here are irregular.(这里发的火车是不规律的。) 2)These procedures are highly irregular.(这些程序是非常不合规矩的。)incredible 不可避免的，不可信的：1)Old superstitions are incredible to educate

26、d people.（旧的迷信对受过教育的人来说是不可信的。）2)His story of rescuing six drowning men is incredible.(他说他救了6个溺水者，这是难以置信的。)inevitable 不可避免的：1)Traffic delays are inevitable at a holiday weekend.（假日周末交通耽搁是难免的。）2)Pain is Inevitable when one breaks a bone.（骨折是疼痛是难避免的。）本题译文：虽然露西正在减轻体重，但她觉得奶油蛋糕是诱人的。24. In order to _ the r

27、ising production costs, the subscription rates have been increased.A. add up to B. look up to C. cut shortD. keep up with答案D. keep up with.注释 keep up with跟上。参阅。88注释。Add up to参阅.2注释；cut short 详见.38;look up to(=admire, respect)赞美，尊敬：We look up to the old workers as our teacher.（我们把这位老工人尊为我们的老师。）本题中rat

28、es意为“价格，费用”。本题译文：为了跟上生产成本的上升，预定费已提高。25. Your essay is quite good: just _ it _ with a few illustrations and quotations.A. put . up B. touch . up C. cut . out D. write . off答案B. touch up.注释 touch up(=improve or perfect by small additional strokes or alterations)润色，修饰：1)The last part of the article nee

29、ds to be touched up.(这篇文章的最后一部分需要润色。) 2)He touched up the picture by strengthening and shadows.(他把画修饰了一下，使光明部分和阴暗部分的对比度更鲜明。)put up留宿；cut out 删掉；write off报销，勾消。本题译文：你的文章很好；只要用些例证和引语修饰一下。26. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _ when judging my examination.A. regard B. account C. though

30、t D. observation答案B. account.注释 take sth. into account(=consider)考虑到：We must take local conditions into accoutn.27. There are three basic ways of _ language to writing, and all known graphic systems use one or a combination of these.A. committing B. attaching C. comparing D. relating答案A. committing.

31、注释 commit.to 托付，交付：1)He was committed to the care of his aunt.(他被托付给他的姨妈照管。) 2)I have already committed the rules to memory.(我早已记住这些规则了。)commit sth. to writing(把.写下来)。28. Roses are quite _ flowers in English gardens.A. ordinary B. common C. usual D. general答案B. common.注释common(=usual and ordinary; h

32、appening of found often and in many places)普通的；常见的；常常发生的；到处可见的：a common experience(普通的经历)；a common tree(常见的树木)。This bird is common throughout Europe.(这种鸟在欧洲很常见。)They can treat most of the common diseases.(他们能治疗大多数常见病。)usual(=done, found, used or existing most of the time) 经常的，通常的，惯例的，习以为常的；强调时间习惯方面，

33、例如：This is the usual state of the house.(这房子里平常就是这种样子。)ordinary正常的，普通的，正常的；an ordinary day(平凡的一天)，ordinary people(普通人), a piece of ordinary dance music(一首普通的舞曲)。General普通的。它与common比较，语气稍强，含有很少例外的意外。可见本题中用common是最佳的选择。29. American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard str

34、uggle.A. ignored B. refused C. neglected D. denied答案D. denied.注释 deny 1)否认：A. He didnt deny the facts. B. They couldnt deny that it was a serious blow to them. C. He denied having ever there.(他否认曾到过那里。) 2)(=say no to a request; refuse to give sth. asked for or needed)不给予；Lots of people were denied t

35、he right to vote.(许多人被剥夺了选举权。)He denies his wife nothing.(他对他的妻子有求必应。)30. On turning the corner, we saw the road _ steeply.A. departing B. decreasing C. descending D. depressing答案C. descending.注释 descend(=come or go down)走下来；传下来：1)He descended from the top of the mountain. 2)Are men descended from a

36、pes?(人是不是猿的后代？)depress 压抑，使沮丧。Depart出发，起程。31. We cant _ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.A. hope B. wait C. expect D. imagine答案C. expert.注释expert期望，盼望，表示认为有很大的客观可能性，例如：I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望这项工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for . to do sth.等待、等待.做.，强调“等”这一动词的本身，如：The

37、audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(观众正等着演出开始。)本题如改为这样：I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didnt come.(我等他来赶上晚餐，但他没有来。)则句子使是对的。由此可见，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，词义完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)Im sorry, but I cant imagine anyon

38、e doing research like that.(很遗憾，我不能想象人家那样做实验。)本题译文：我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。32. It was necessary to _ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.A. extend B. increase C. lengthen D. magnify答案A. extend.注释本题中extend意为“扩大”。lengthen拉长,延长。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 传播；vt.展开；He spre

39、ad butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)33. I asked the tailor to make a small _ to my trousers because they were too long.A. change B. variation C. revision D. alteration答案D alteration.注释alteration 修正，更改，尤指部分的改变。Change改变，变化，可指表面的、本质的、内在的变化。Revision修订、修正，常指文章、词典、剧本等的修改、订正。Variation(形式、位置、条件的)变化、改变、变动：We

40、 need some variation in our daily routine.(我们的例行公事需要作些变动。)34. Because of the strong sun Mrs. Williams new dining room curtains _ from dark blue to gray within a year.A. faded B. fainted C. paled D. diminished答案A. faded.注释fade vt/vi褪色。Faint晕到，变得虚弱：He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.减少：1)His illn

41、ess diminished his strength. 2)The campers food supply diminished as the days wore on.(随着日子的缓缓消逝，野营者的食品供应日益减少。)pale变苍白。35. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _, I cant speak too highly of him.A. As a result B. By the way C. On the whole D. In a word答案D. In a word.注释in a word(=in short

42、)总之，简言之。本题是测试“过度词”，考生务必根据上下文的逻辑关系来选择适当的过渡词，使句子的意思前后连贯。36. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _ a scientific theory.A. confirm B. confine C. conform D. conceive答案A. confirm.注释 confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)证实，确实：1)Please confirm your telephone message i

43、n writing.(请把你电话中所说的话再用文字复述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(国王确认，这次选择将于六月二十日举行。)confine.to把.限制于：Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(请把你的话限止于我们正在谈论的题目。)conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。Conceive 1)想到，想出：He very quickly conceived a new plan.注意conceive

44、 of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他们不能想象失败的可能。)37. Political parties often differ in their views on various _ concerning their own countries.A. ways B. measures C. issues D. patterns答案c. issues.注释issue此处意为“重大问题”。measure措施，虽然填入本题也说得过去，但不够贴切。pattern模式，图案，图样。与题意不符，不能入选。way 方法

45、，方式。38. _ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.A. In spite of B. On account of C. Regardless of D. Instead of答案B. On account of注释on account of(=because of)由于，因为。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顾；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.39. The lawy

46、er was expected to _ some proposals after reading all those documents.A. come up with B. put up with C. look up to D. keep up with答案A. come up with.注释come up with提出。参阅，33。注释。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，与.保持一致；look up to尊敬。40. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.A. occasiona