2016年高考江苏卷英语试题解析.pdf

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1、精心整理2016年高考英语江苏卷（含详解答案）第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35 分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是 B。21. Itisoftenthecase_anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope. A

2、. why B. what C. as D. that 【答案】 D【解析】试题分析：考查主语从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。考点：考查主语从句22.Moreefforts,asreported,_intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform. A. aremade B. willbemade C. arebeing made D. havebeenmade 【答案】 B考点：考查时态语态。23.Manyyoungpeople,most_werewell-educated,headedforrem

3、oteregionstochasetheirdreams. A. ofwhich B. ofthem C. ofwhom D. ofthose 【答案】 C精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Manyyoungpeople，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of 的宾语。故 C正确。考点：考查定语从句24. Canyoutellusyour _ forhap

4、pinessandalonglife? Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely. A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt 【答案】 A【解析】试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。 名词 recipe 秘诀，食谱，药方；record 记录；range 范围；receipt收据，收条；根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。考点：考查名词辨析25. Hedidnot _ easily,butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause. A.approach B. wr

5、estle C. compromise D. communicate 【答案】 C【解析】试题分析：考查动词辨析。 动词 approach 靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步； communicate 交流；根据句意可知C项正确。考点：考查动词词义辨析26. _somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure. A. Because B. If C. Unless D. While 【答案】 D 考点：考查连词27. Ifit _ forhisi

6、nvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow. A. hadnotbeen B. shouldnotbe C.werenottobeD.shouldnothavebeen 【答案】 A 【解析】精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。考点：考查虚拟语气28. Inartcriticism,youmusta

7、ssumetheartisthasasecretmessage withinthework. A. tohide B. hidden C. hiding D. beinghidden 【答案】 B 考点：考查分词做定语29. Dashan,who _ crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitup withtheWesternstand-uptradition. A. willbelearningB.islearning C.hadbeenlearningD.hasbeenlearning 【答案】 D 【解析】试题

8、分析：考查时态。 本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。考点：考查时态30. Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavethankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation. A.fallenoff B. takenoff C. turnedoff D. leftoff 【答案】 B 【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语falloff跌落，下降； takeoff起飞，成功，受欢迎； turnoff关闭； leaveof

9、f停止，中断；根据句意可知B正确。考点：考查动词短语辨析31. Hiscomprehensivesurveyshaveprovidedthemoststatementsofhow,andonwhatbasis,dataarecollected. A.explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary 【答案】 A 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨

10、析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的； ambiguous 模棱两可的，含糊不清的； original原始的，最初的； arbitrary任意的，专制的；故A正确。考点：考查形容词词义辨析32. Onlythosewhohavea lotincommoncanget alongwell. _ .Oppositessometimesdoattract. A.Ihopenot B. Ithinkso C. Iappreciate that D. Ibegtodiffer 【答案】 D 考点：考查交际用语33. Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrento_t

11、heopportunitytojoinsportsteams. A.gainadmissiontoB.keeptrackofC.takeadvantageofD.giveriseto 【答案】 C 【解析】试 题 分 析 ： 考 查 短 语 辨 析 。 动 词 短 语gainadmissionto获 准 进 入 ； keeptrackof记 录 ；takeadvantageof利用； giveriseto引起；根据句意可知C项正确。考点：考查短语辨析34. Notuntilrecently_thedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintherurala

12、reas. A.theyhadencouraged B.hadtheyencouraged C.didtheyencourage D.theyencouraged 【答案】 C 【解析】试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。考点：考查部分倒装35. Jackstillcanthelpbeinganxiousabouthisjobinterview.Lackofself-confidenceishis_,Iamafraid. A.Achilles heelB. child splayC. greenfingers D. laststraw 精

13、品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理【答案】 A考点：考查谚语第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。学科 . 网Yearsago,acriticaleventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.ImetKurtKampmeirofSuccessMotivatio

14、nIncorporationforbreakfast.Whilewewere_36,Kurtaskedme,“John,whatisyour37forpersonalgrowth? Neveratalossforwords,Itriedtofindthingsinmylifethatmight38forgrowth.ItoldhimaboutthemanyactivitiesinwhichIwas39.AndIwentintoa40abouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.Imusthavetalkedfortenminutes.Kurt41patien

15、tly,butthenhe42smiledandsaid,“Youdon thaveapersonalplanforgrowth,doyou? ”“No,I 43. “Youknow, ”Kurtsaidsimply, “growthisnota(n)44process. ”Andthatswhenit 45me.Iwasn tdoinganything46tomakemyselfbetter.Andatthatmoment,Imadethe47:Iwilldevelopandfollowapersonalgrowthplanformy48. Thatnight,Italkedtomywife

16、aboutmy49withKurtandwhatIhadlearned.I50hertheworkbookandtapesKurtwasselling.We51thatKurtwasn tjusttryingtomakeasale.Hewasofferinga52forustochangeourlivesandachieveourdreams. Severalimportantthingshappenedthatday.First,wedecidedto53theresources.Butmoreimportantly,wemadeacommitmentto54togetherasacoupl

17、e.Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.Itwasa55decision.Whiletoomanycouplesgrowapart,weweregrowingtogether. 36.A.working B.preparing C.thinking D.eating 37.A.suggestion B.demand C.plan D.request 38.A.appeal B.look C.call D.qualify 39.A.involved B.trapped C.lost D.ba

18、thed 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理40.A.lecture B.speech C.discussion D.debate 41.A.calculated B.listened C.drank D.explained 42.A.eagerly B.gradually C.gratefully D.finally 43.A.admitted B.interrupted C.apologized D.complaine

19、d 44.A.automatic B.slow C.independent D.changing 45.A.confused B.informed C.pleased D.hit 46.A.onloan B.onpurpose C.onsale D.onbalance 47.A.comment B.announcement C.decision D.arrangement 48.A.life B.progress C.performance D.investment 49.A.contract B.conversation C.negotiation D.argument 50.A.lent

20、B.sold C.showed D.offered 51.A.recalled B.defined C.recognized D.declared 52.A.tool B.method C.way D.rule 53.A.provide B.buy C.give D.deliver 54.A.grow B.survive C.move D.gather 55.A.difficult B.random C.firm D.wise 【答案】 36-40.DCDAB41-45.BDAAD46-50.BCABC51-55.CCBAD 38.D 考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal 呼吁，吸引（通常与to

21、 连用） ；lookfor寻找； callfor需要，需要； qualifyfor有资格，能胜任；当Kurt 提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC 三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。39.A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which 之前。形容词短语beinvolvedin参与. ；卷入 . ；betrappedin被困在 . 中；belostin沉浸于 . ；bebathedin被. 笼罩; 我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。40.B 考查名词辨析。我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。

22、故B正确。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理41.B 考查上下文串联。 我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt 在耐心的听我说。 故 B正确。42.D 考查副词辨析。终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。45.D 考查动词辨析。 Kurt 的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。46.B 考查介词辨析。 介词 onloan 暂借，出借的

23、；onpurpose 故意地；onsale 降价出售；onbalance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。47.C 考查上下文串联。根据文章55 空 Itwasa55decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。48.A 考查上下文串联。 可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。 BCD三项都属于 A项的范围。故 A正确。49.B 考查上下文串联。 名词 contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument 争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt

24、 在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故 B正确。50.C 考查动词辨析。我向妻子展示了Kurt 正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD 三项语义不搭配。故C正确。51.C 考查动词辨析。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。52.C 考查名词辨析。 Kurt 给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B 项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。53.B 考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦

25、想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点， 所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故 B正确。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理考点：考查记叙文阅读第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A DayschoolProgram SecondarystudentsacrossTorontoDistrictSchoolB

26、oard(TDSB)areinvitedtotakeoneortwoe-Learningcoursesontheirdayschooltimetable.Studentswillremainontherollattheirdayschool. Theon-lineclassroomprovidesaninnovativerelevantandinteractiveLearningenvironment.Thecoursesandon-lineclassroomareprovidedbytheMinistryofEducation Theseon-linecourses aretaughtbyT

27、DSBsecondaryschoolteachers arepartoftheTDSBStudentstimetable;andappearontheSt udentsreportuponcompletionBenefitsofe-Learning Include: AccesstocoursesthatmaynotbeavailableathisorherTDSBschool Usingtechnologytoprovidestudentswithcurrentinformation:and. assistancetosolvetimetableconflicts Ise-Learningf

28、orYou? Studentswhoaresuccessfulinon-linecourseareusually; abletoplan,organizetimeandcompleteassignmentsandactivities; 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理capableofworkingindependentlyinaresponsibleandhonestmanner;and, abletoregularl

29、yuseacomputerormobiledevicewithinternetaccess Studentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldinaface-to-faceclassroomcourse. 56.E-LearningcoursesaredifferentfromotherTDSBcoursesinthat. A.theyaregivenbybestTDSBteachers. B.theyarenotonthedayschooltimetable. C.theyarenotinclud

30、edonstudentsreports.D.theyareanadditiontoTDSBcourses. 57.Whatdostudentsneedtodobeforecompletinge-learningcourses? A.Tolearninformationtechnologyon-line. B.Todotheirassignmentsindependently. C.Toupdatetheirmobiledevicesregularly. D.Totalkfacetofacewiththeirteachers. 【答案】 56.D57.B 考点：考查广告类阅读B Chimps(黑

31、猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren.Whoareablefromayoungagetogatherthe

32、irownfood. Inthelaboratory,chimpsdontnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreateffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighbortothenextcage,hewillpullatrandom-hejustdoesntcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎

33、下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理.Chimpsaretrulyselfish. Humanchildren,ontheotherhandareextremelycorporative.Fromtheearliestages,theydecidetohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateaachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessi

34、naseriesofexpensivewithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanworriedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp. Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught.butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearat

35、averyyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotrainchildrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligence.Develops?in?children?before?their?general?cognitive（认知的）skills,at?least?when?compared?with?chimps.In?tests?conducted?by

36、?Tomtasell,?the?children?did?no?better?than?the?chimps?on?the?physical?world?tests,?but?were?considerably?better?at?understanding?the?social?world Thecureofwhatchildren smindshaveandchimps dontinwhatTomasellocallswhat.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butthat,evenveryyou

37、ngchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseektobepartofa“we ”,agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal. 58.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps? A.Chimpsseldomcareaboutothersinterests.B.Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren. C.Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighborsfood.D.Chimpsnaturallysh

38、arefoodwitheachother. 59.MichaelTomasello stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey_. A.havetheinstincttohelpothers B.knowhowtoofferhelptoadults C.knowtheworldbetterthanchimps D.trustadultswiththeirhandsfull 60.Thepassageismainlyabout_. A.thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildren B.waystotrainchildrenssharedin

39、tentionality精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理C.cooperationasadistinctivehumannature D.thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren 【答案】 58.A59.A60.C 【解析】58.A推理判断题。根据文章第二段后两句“ Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimsel

40、for,.hewillpullatrandom- hejustdoesntca rewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish”可知 A正确。60.C 主旨大意题。本文属于科普说明文，作者从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。ABD 都属于文章的部分内容，并非中心思想。故 C项正确。考点：考查科普说明文阅读C ElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonotice

41、dthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround. Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefelt

42、inmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmericanseconomyg rowby15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvest,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones. B

43、utinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought(干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters. ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamagewo

44、rth$3精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理6billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisast

45、er-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction. Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道）makeitlesslikelythat

46、heavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco- authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNinosharmfuleffects andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmayno

47、tbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority. 61. WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?

48、A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman. B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld. C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas. D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean. 62. WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected? A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall. B.Droughtsbeco

49、memoreharmfulthanfloods. C.Richcountries gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically. 63. ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreduction B. governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaid C. victimsofElNinodeservemorecompensation D. rec

50、overyandreconstructionshouldcomefirst 64. Whatistheauthor spurposeinwritingthepassage?A. TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精心整理B. ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino. C. ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.